Safoura Pourzabih; Masoud Arefnazari; Biuok Tajeri; Ahmad Delbari
Abstract
Objective: Alzheimer's is a progressive and debilitating disease of the brain that causes serious damage to human thoughts and memory and is associated with psychological disorders such as insomnia and agitation. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of body-centered meditation on insomnia ...
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Objective: Alzheimer's is a progressive and debilitating disease of the brain that causes serious damage to human thoughts and memory and is associated with psychological disorders such as insomnia and agitation. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of body-centered meditation on insomnia and agitation in Alzheimer’s patients.Method: The research method was semi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. From the statistical population of patients with Alzheimer's disease in mild to moderate levels referred to clinics and Alzheimer's Association of Tehran province, 20 people were selected randomly based on inclusion criteria and assigned into experimental (n = 10) and control groups (n = 10). The research questionnaires were Morin's insomnia (1993) and Cohen-Mansfield's Agitation (1986). Meditation was administered to the experimental group in eight sessions of 90 minutes. The research data were analyzed using multivariate covariance.Results: The results of covariance analysis showed that post-test scores of insomnia and agitation of patients with Alzheimer's in the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group (P≤0 / 005).Conclusion: Body-centered meditation can be used to improve insomnia and agitation in Alzheimer's patients.
fatemeh Alavi asil; khadije Abolmaali alhoseyni; Simin Bashar doust
Abstract
Objective: One of the basic human needs that plays a vital role in sustainable development is mental health. In the digital age, Internet addiction is a threat to mental health. So this study aimed at validating the treatment entry questionnaire for Tehran University students in 2019.
Method: Participants ...
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Objective: One of the basic human needs that plays a vital role in sustainable development is mental health. In the digital age, Internet addiction is a threat to mental health. So this study aimed at validating the treatment entry questionnaire for Tehran University students in 2019.
Method: Participants were 324 undergraduate and postgraduate students of public universities in Tehran, who were selected through one-step cluster random sampling. All participants completed the Urbanoski and Wild’s (2012) Treatment Entry Questionnaire, the Miler and Tonigan (1996) Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale, and the Young Internet Addiction Questionnaire.
Results: Data were analyzed using the confirmatory factor analysis model. Confirmatory factor analysis of the data showed that the three-factor structure of the identified, intrinsic, and extrinsic treatment motivation has a good fit, and the validity of the scale was confirmed by face and content validity. Convergent validity evidence confirmed the positive relationship between identified, intrinsic, and extrinsic treatment motivation with subscales of recognition, taking the step, and ambivalence of the Readiness for Change and Treatment Motivation scale. Cronbach's alpha test was used to assess the reliability of the whole scale (0.95) and each subscale of identified motivation (0.94), intrinsic motivation (0.89), and extrinsic motivation (0.86).
Conclusion: The results showed that the Persian version of the treatment entry scale for the student population has acceptable psychometric properties and can be used as a valid tool in psychological research.
reza ahmadi; shahla farahzad boujeni; Ahmad Ghazanfari; Tayebe SHarifi
Abstract
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Motivational Interview Group Therapy on Pain Self-Efficacy and Resilience of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Abstract
Objective: Multiple sclerosis affects the quality of life of patients due to its association with numerous neurological ...
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Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Motivational Interview Group Therapy on Pain Self-Efficacy and Resilience of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Abstract
Objective: Multiple sclerosis affects the quality of life of patients due to its association with numerous neurological problems; it may lead to job loss and reduced participation in social activities and, in general, have a negative impact on their professional and social life.
Method: In the present study, the effectiveness of motivational interview group therapy on pain self-efficacy and resilience of patients with multiple sclerosis was investigated. The present study is quasi-experimental in which 24 patients were selected from the population of patients with multiple sclerosis in Borujen city in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, using the convenience sampling method. Research tools included pain self-efficacy (. Data analysis was performed by repeated variance analysis using SPSS-22 software.
Results: The results showed that motivational interview group therapy had a significant effect on increasing pain self-efficacy (Partial ŋ2= 0.24, p = 0.002, F = 6.92). Also, motivational interview group therapy had a significant effect on increasing resilience (Partial ŋ2 = 0.58, p = 0.001, F = 30.06). The present study showed that motivational interview group therapy improves pain self-efficacy and resilience of patients with multiple sclerosis.
Conclusion: Accordingly, in the process of motivational interview group therapy, patients learn to become aware of the mental process by teaching behavioral, cognitive, and metacognitive strategies, and in this way, they improve the resilience and pain self-efficacy.
Somayeh Hashemizadeh; Mahdieh Salehi; Amin Rafiepoor; Afsaneh Ghanbaripanah
Abstract
Objective: The role of cognitive, metacognitive, and meta-emotional factors in psychological distress has been clearly confirmed. The current research aims to examine a psychological distress model based on intolerance of uncertainty and emotional schemas of cancer patients with the mediating role of ...
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Objective: The role of cognitive, metacognitive, and meta-emotional factors in psychological distress has been clearly confirmed. The current research aims to examine a psychological distress model based on intolerance of uncertainty and emotional schemas of cancer patients with the mediating role of metacognitive beliefs and cognitive avoidance.
Method: Regarding the methodology, the present study was correlational based on structural equation modeling. The study sample included 300 cancer patients who visited various hospitals in Tehran and completed the questionnaires of uncertainty intolerance, stress, depression, anxiety, emotional schemas, metacognitive beliefs, and cognitive avoidance.
Results: Findings demonstrated that the proposed model has appropriate fitness among cancer patients. Also, the relationship between mediating variables and endogenous and exogenous variables is significant. The variables under investigation explained 46 percent of psychological distress variance in the patients.
Conclusion: Psychological distress in cancer patients is affected by the interaction of excessive emotional states, intolerance of uncertainty, such as metacognitive beliefs, and emotional schemas.
Mahshid Abbasi; Marzieh Pahlevan; Maryam Aliakbari; Maedeh Aghasi; Monirosadat Hosseini
Abstract
Objective: Spiritual therapy is recognized as an effective treatment for most psychological problems. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of group spiritual therapy on resilience and coping styles of families of addicts quitting drugs.
Method: The research method was quasi-experimental ...
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Objective: Spiritual therapy is recognized as an effective treatment for most psychological problems. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of group spiritual therapy on resilience and coping styles of families of addicts quitting drugs.
Method: The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test and a control group design. The statistical population included all families of addicts who were quitting in a camp in Shahreza city. The statistical sample consisted of 30 families of these addicts who were selected through a purposeful sampling method and randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. The instruments used in this study were the Connor and Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Moss and Billings Coping Styles Questionnaire. Spiritual group therapy was held in 11 sessions of 90 minutes for the experimental group. Covariance analysis was used to analyze the collected data via SPSS-21 software.
Results: The results showed that group spiritual therapy increased the resilience (p≤0.001) and problem-focused coping style (p≤0.001) of the subjects in the experimental group and decreased their emotion-focused coping style (p≤0.001).
Conclusion: The results indicated that spiritual group therapy could explain the high rate of change related to the resilience and coping styles of families of addicts under treatment.
Mohadeseh Kako Joibari; mohammad oraki; hossein zare; Ahmad Alipour
Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on neurocognitive performance in people with mild neurocognitive impairment. Using meta-analysis and integrating the research results, this study has examined the extent of the effect ...
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Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on neurocognitive performance in people with mild neurocognitive impairment. Using meta-analysis and integrating the research results, this study has examined the extent of the effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on the improvement of neurocognitive function in people with mild neurocognitive impairment.
Method: For collecting data for meta-analyses, Magiran, SID, and Irandoc databases were used to search Persian articles and Science direct, Scopus, and PubMed databases were used to find foreign articles by the use of keywords of ‘MCI’, ‘transcranial direct current stimulation’, tDCS, and ‘mild cognitive impairment’ and their equivalences for Persian articles. Of the 29 studies, 11 methodologically acceptable were meta-analyzed. The research tool was a meta-analysis checklist.
Results: The results of the study indicated publication bias in the studies. Due to the heterogeneity of the studies, a random-effect model was used. The effect of Hedges for the impact of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on neurocognitive functions in people with mild neurocognitive impairment was 0.26, which was a large effect.
Conclusion: This result shows that clinicians can choose transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) as an effective intervention for patients who suffer from mild cognitive impairments. More investigations are necessary to find out the cognitive benefits of using transcranial direct current stimulation in elderly people and other cognitive impaired persons.
Ezzatollah Ahmadi; Fatemeh Gorbani
Abstract
Objective: Problem Gambling is defined as one of the disorders associated with drug abuse. Gambling-related harm can affect multiple domains of life, including financial and health problems, psychological and emotional distress, and impaired social and cultural relationships. The aim of this study was ...
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Objective: Problem Gambling is defined as one of the disorders associated with drug abuse. Gambling-related harm can affect multiple domains of life, including financial and health problems, psychological and emotional distress, and impaired social and cultural relationships. The aim of this study was investigating the psychometric properties of Problem Gambling Severity Index in Iranian students.Method: The method of this study was correlational. The statistical population of this study was all students in the Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University in 2019. The sample size was 211 students (121 girls and 90 boys) that were selected through cluster sampling method and determined based on the fact that at least 5 people are required for each item for factor analysis of the Problem Gambling Severity Index and Addiction Tendency Questionnaire.Results: In order to determine the psychometric properties of the Problem Gambling Severity Index, a confirmatory factor analysis method was used. Indirect path coefficients between the components of gambling behavior (b = 1, p >0.001) and gambling consequences ((b =0.97, P >0.001) with the Gambling Severity Index indicate a significant relationship between factors and the whole scale. The study of concurrent validity Gambling Severity Index with Addiction Tendency Questionnaire showed there is a positive and significant relationship between these Questionnaires (r=0.57, p<0/001). The reliability of the scale was obtained 0/79 using Cronbach's alpha.Conclusion: According to the results, it can be said that Problem Gambling Severity Index is a stable and valid tool for examining gambling problems and can be used in Iran.
Masomeh Aliyazdi; Mozhgan Agah; Shahnaz Nouhi
Abstract
Objective: Type 2 diabetes is conceptualized as a complex interaction of psycho-physiological factors and consideringthe factors against this chronic disease is necessary. Accordingly, the present study aimed to compare the effectivenessof emotional regulation training and autogenic training on the perceived ...
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Objective: Type 2 diabetes is conceptualized as a complex interaction of psycho-physiological factors and consideringthe factors against this chronic disease is necessary. Accordingly, the present study aimed to compare the effectivenessof emotional regulation training and autogenic training on the perceived anxiety control in women with type 2 diabetes.Method: Using a quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest design, 33 women with type 2 diabetes wereselected by purposive sampling from Tehran and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one controlgroup. Members of each experimental group received emotional regulation training and autogenic training in ten90-minute sessions, separately. All respondents were asked to answer the demographic information and the PerceivedAnxiety Control Questionnaire (ACQ) before and after interventions. To analyze data, MANOVA and Schefee posthoc test were used.Result: The results of the analysis showed that both interventions were effective in increasing the perceived anxietycontrol (p <0.05); however, the difference between the two groups was not significant (p> 0.05).Conclusion: Explaining the effectiveness of the interventions, it can be said that both interventions were able toincrease the perceived anxiety control through special techniques, hence using them along with medical treatments isrecommended.
Shamsaddin Agh Atabay; Mozhgan Sepahmansour; Mohammad Hatami
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of lifestyle-based stress management program on emotional problems and life satisfaction in patients with myocardial infarction.
Method: This research was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and control group. The statistical ...
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Objective: The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of lifestyle-based stress management program on emotional problems and life satisfaction in patients with myocardial infarction.
Method: This research was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and control group. The statistical population of this research consisted of all patients aged 40-65 years old with myocardial infarction who were under treatment at Kasra Hospital in Karaj in the first six months of 2019. The study sample consisted of 90 patients with heart attack who were identified among the patients and selected by targeted sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. Data were collected using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale as well as the Satisfaction With Life Scale. The collected data were analyzed using the method of Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).
Results: Multivariate analysis of covariance showed that the lifestyle-based stress management program significantly reduced emotional problems and increased life satisfaction in the experimental group (P<0.01).
Conclusions: The stress management program helped patients identify dysfunctional thoughts that trigger anxiety and depression and experience fewer emotional problems by feeling self-control, attention management, changing the assessment system and using cognitive strategies. Also, by identifying and correcting irrational attitudes and beliefs, the subjects were able to better cope with the physical effects of the disease or to deal with its negative psychological complications and have more life satisfaction. These findings have important implications for education and promoting mental health of patients with myocardial infarction.
Hamidreza Aliakbari Dehkordi; Alireza Estelaji; Abdolreza Faraji Rad
Abstract
Objective: Addiction is a physical-mental illness that, due to its progressive nature in all aspects of life, endangers the health of the individual, family, and society. In order to prevent and resolve this destructive phenomenon, it is necessary to provide and implement comprehensive and appropriate ...
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Objective: Addiction is a physical-mental illness that, due to its progressive nature in all aspects of life, endangers the health of the individual, family, and society. In order to prevent and resolve this destructive phenomenon, it is necessary to provide and implement comprehensive and appropriate programs in rural area. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to determine the predictors of substance abuse of rural immigrants.Method: The statistical population included all addicted prisoners who migrated from rural to urban areas. Using the cluster sampling method, 360 people were selected as the study sample. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to analyze data.Result: The results showed that only the quality of life component can predict the drug abuse of migrant rural men and women, while the components of access to facilities, rural management performance, and individual participation, as well as marital status, age, and education cannot predict their substance abuse (P<0.05).Conclusions: According to the results of the present study, since the quality of life is a predictor of substance abuse in migrant villagers, and this problem, in fact, indicates the basic infrastructural problems in preventing the migration of villagers and their substances abuse, related planning and policies in the field of social health are suggested in this regard.
Mansour Fathi; Maryam Abbasi; Maryam Khakrangin
Abstract
Objective: Although HIV-infected women in Iran face many problems, research in this area is limited. This research aims to understand and deeply comprehend the issues and challenges HIV-infected women encounter.
Method: Qualitative research method and content analysis were applied in this study. The ...
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Objective: Although HIV-infected women in Iran face many problems, research in this area is limited. This research aims to understand and deeply comprehend the issues and challenges HIV-infected women encounter.
Method: Qualitative research method and content analysis were applied in this study. The participants of the research were HIV-infected women referred to three Supportive Health Centers in Tehran. Among them, 17 participants were selected through the convenience sampling method. The data collection technique was a semi-structured in-depth interview. The collected data were coded and interpreted using thematic analysis.
Results: The results of the interview analysis revealed six categories of "social exclusion", "job problems", "social phobia caused by stigma", "mental problems", "treatment problems", and “coping mechanisms”.
Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that HIV-infected women face many challenges in their individual and social life for social integration and reducing their problems; besides, individual empowerment, structural, and social interventions are also essential. The results of this study can be used in policy-making, the presentation of supportive programs, and social services for HIV-infected women and their families.
mitra shahpanah; robabeh noury Ghasem abadi; mohammadreza seirafi
Abstract
Objective: Coronary Artery Disease is a chronic and complex disease requiring continuous medical care. The current study was conducted to predict Health-Related Quality of Life based on emotion regulation with mediating role of self-care in patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD).Method: The research ...
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Objective: Coronary Artery Disease is a chronic and complex disease requiring continuous medical care. The current study was conducted to predict Health-Related Quality of Life based on emotion regulation with mediating role of self-care in patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD).Method: The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population comprised all patients with CAD (N=350) referring to Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital in Tehran, Iran, in the second half of 2020. Based on the Tabachnick Fidell formula, 184 subjects were selected using a convenient sampling method. Research instruments were the Self-Care Scale (Jaarsma, Halfens, Tan et al, 2003), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire of Garnefski and Graich (2001), and HRQol Survey (Ware, Kosinski & Keller, 1996). Data analysis was done using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and path analysis.Results: The results indicated a positive and significant mediating role of self-care in the relationship between emotion regulation (β= 0.175, p<0.01) and HRQoL of patients with CAD. Moreover, self-care and emotion regulation had a positive impact on HRQoL.Conclusion: According to the findings, a part of the mutual effect of self-efficacy and emotion regulation on HRQoL is explained by self-care. On the other hand, high emotion regulation and self-care led to better HLQoL of CAD patients.
Fatemeh Bayanfar
Abstract
Objective: Hemodialysis patients suffer many problems including feelings of loneliness, fatigue, and low lifestyle quality. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of online existential consciousness therapy on these patients’ loneliness, fatigue, and lifestyle.
Methods: The research ...
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Objective: Hemodialysis patients suffer many problems including feelings of loneliness, fatigue, and low lifestyle quality. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of online existential consciousness therapy on these patients’ loneliness, fatigue, and lifestyle.
Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest and follow-up design with a control group. The research population was all hemodialysis patients who were referred to the dialysis center of Nikan Hospital in Tehran. Using the convenience sampling method, 30 participants were selected as study samples. Research instruments for collecting data were the Rasel’s Loneliness Questionnaire (1978), the Fick's Fatigue Impact Questionnaire (1944), and the Corona Virus Lifestyle Scale (Ali Akbari Dehkordi, et al., 2020). For the experimental group, ten 90-minutes sessions were performed through Sky-room.
Results: MANCOVA and ANCOVA showed that existential consciousness training reduced the feeling of loneliness in the sub-components of not having a close friend, lack of loneliness, and isolation, but was not effective in the sub-component of sociability. This intervention also reduced the fatigue in the cognitive and social components but did not affect the physical component. It was also effective on the happy lifestyle but did not affect the healthy lifestyle.
Conclusions: Existential consciousness therapy was effective in reducing the loneliness feeling, fatigue impact, and lifestyle changes of hemodialysis patients during home quarantine. Therefore, this method can be used as a new therapeutic approach to reduce the loneliness and fatigue impact caused by hemodialysis and change patients' lifestyles during quarantine in medical centers and psychological services.
Kambiz Kamkari; Mohammad Eskandari
Abstract
Objective: The outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019, as an epidemic widespread disease has led people to physical and psychological problems. Recent studies about the psychological effects of COVID-19 have shown that health anxiety and also negative emotions due to the COVID-19 epidemic have influenced ...
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Objective: The outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019, as an epidemic widespread disease has led people to physical and psychological problems. Recent studies about the psychological effects of COVID-19 have shown that health anxiety and also negative emotions due to the COVID-19 epidemic have influenced patients’ health both physically and mentally. This study aimed to survey the psychopathology and personality psychopathology profile of cured patients of COVID-19 disease and also the important factors related to the infectious and recovery process of patients in Iran.
Method: The research sample was 30 cured patients of COVID-19 who were selected voluntarily and answered the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory- 2nd Restructured Form (MMPI-2RF) questionnaire.
Results: The study showed that cured patients of COVID-19 suffered from demoralization, low positive emotions, ideas of persecution, and somatic complaints. The study also showed that cured patients of COVID-19 disease suffered from anxiety and behavioral restricting fears in assessing the patient’s specific problems.
Conclusion: Anxiety, depression, negative emotions, and also low positive emotions are important factors in the infectious and also the recovering process of COVID-19 disease. As the negative emotions and fears are important factors in infectious to COVID-19, self-control, and normality in the psychopathological profile are important factors in recovering process too.
Parvin Mirzaei
Abstract
Objective: Corona disease (COVID-19) is a contagious disease. This disease, with such a global spread, has caused many disorders in people. Among disorders caused by coronavirus, anxiety and depression are the most common ones. One of the ways to deal with depression and anxiety is positive thinking. ...
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Objective: Corona disease (COVID-19) is a contagious disease. This disease, with such a global spread, has caused many disorders in people. Among disorders caused by coronavirus, anxiety and depression are the most common ones. One of the ways to deal with depression and anxiety is positive thinking. Positive thinking is a positive way to focus the mind on something constructive, thus removing negative and destructive thoughts and emotions. Therefore, this research was conducted to reduce anxiety and depression and increase self-efficacy in students who have recovered from the coronavirus.Method: The research method was semi-experimental with a post-test-post-test-follow-up design with a control group, and the target population was students who had recovered from Corona. Of these, 40 people were purposefully selected as samples based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomly divided into two groups of 20 people. To collect data from the beginning and before the training, Goldberg's depression questionnaire (1972), Spielberger's test anxiety questionnaire (1983), and Scherer and Mardox's self-efficacy questionnaire (1982) were used. Also, in this research, positive thinking training intervention was administered during 14 one-hour sessions. Covariance and correlation methods were used to analyze data. The correlation between the results of the experimental and control groups in the post-test and pre-test stages and the follow-up phase was obtained and compared with each other. Results: The results showed that positive thinking training affected self-efficacy (P=0.001), reduced depression (P=0.01), and decreased anxiety (P=0.01) of students who recovered from Coronavirus. Conclusion: Teaching positive thinking skills has been effective and has increased self-efficacy, reduced anxiety, and reduced depression in patients who have recovered from Corona.
Mahsa Ghaffarzadeh; alinaghi aghdasi
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of group therapy of cognitive-behavioral approach on anxiety, stress, and despair of patients with Multiple sclerosis in Tehran.Method: This study was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. Twenty patients ...
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Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of group therapy of cognitive-behavioral approach on anxiety, stress, and despair of patients with Multiple sclerosis in Tehran.Method: This study was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. Twenty patients who were referred to the available medical centers were selected as the study samples and randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups. In this study, Kalmogorov-Smirnov, Levene, and Covariance tests were used to analyze data through IBM SPSS software.Beck Anxiety Inventory Questionnaire, Cohen's Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ), and Beck's Hopelessness Scale questionnaire were used to collect data.Results: The results of the present study showed that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of anxiety, stress, and despair with a 95% confidence level. Therefore, three main hypotheses were confirmed and the null hypothesis was rejected. It was found that cognitive-behavior group therapy was effective in reducing anxiety, stress, and despair in patients with MS.Conclusion: Cognitive-behavioral group therapy reduced stress, anxiety, and despair in patients with MS and improved their mental health. Therefore, this treatment method can be useful in clinics.
Farzane Hajizadeh; farnaz keshavarzi Arshadi; fariba Hassani.; mitra safa
Abstract
Objective: Women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) experience negative emotions. Considering the importance of these emotions and their significant impact on the mental health of women with HIV, and considering the gap of information in this regard, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness ...
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Objective: Women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) experience negative emotions. Considering the importance of these emotions and their significant impact on the mental health of women with HIV, and considering the gap of information in this regard, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy on mindfulness and rumination in women with HIV.
Method: This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest stages and a control group. Sixty women with HIV were selected and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The experimental group received nine 90-min sessions of compassion-focused therapy, once a week. The instruments used included the Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) and the Rumination-Reflection Questionnaire (RRQ). Patients in both the experimental and control groups filled out the questionnaires in two stages before and after the intervention.
Results: According to the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), compassion-focused therapy significantly increased the mindfulness dimensions (observing, non-judging, non-reactivity to inner experience) in the experimental group, compared with the control group at post-test (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed between the experimental and control groups in terms of rumination-reflection.
Conclusion: It appears that compassion-focused therapy would be effective in increasing the mindfulness dimensions in women with HIV.
narges Tankamani; Majid Saffarinia; Sepideh tamrchi
Abstract
Objective: Health psychology focuses on health promotion and disease prevention. One of the factors that is related to the promotion of mental health is the sense of humor which can be influenced by the components of psychological capital. This study aims to predict the psychological capital dimensions ...
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Objective: Health psychology focuses on health promotion and disease prevention. One of the factors that is related to the promotion of mental health is the sense of humor which can be influenced by the components of psychological capital. This study aims to predict the psychological capital dimensions based on the humor styles among the medical students of Tarbiat Modares University.Method: This study is descriptive correlational and the statistical population consisted of all medical students of Tarbiat Modarres University. The participants of the study were 120 who were selected through volunteer sampling. Data were collected by the Luthans Psychological Capital Inventory and Martin's Humor Style Scale. Data were analyzed through Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis.Results: Results showed that self-efficacy and hopefulness have a positive significant relationship with adaptive humor styles, but the relationship between self-efficacy and hopefulness with maladaptive humor styles was negative. Also, there was no significant relationship between resilience and all four humor styles.Conclusion: By strengthening adaptive humor styles, it is possible to increase the psychological capital of students to help their mental health.
Farzin Bagheri Sheykhangafshe; Abbas Abolghasemi; Seyed Mousa Kafi Masouleh
Abstract
Objective: Bodybuilding has attracted a lot of people in recent years, but despite the popularity of using unauthorized and steroid drugs, it has caused many problems for athletes. The purpose of the present study was therefore to compare mental toughness and sense of coherence in natural and steroid ...
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Objective: Bodybuilding has attracted a lot of people in recent years, but despite the popularity of using unauthorized and steroid drugs, it has caused many problems for athletes. The purpose of the present study was therefore to compare mental toughness and sense of coherence in natural and steroid bodybuilders.Method: This study was a descriptive and causal-comparative study. The statistical population consisted of both natural and steroid bodybuilders in Rasht in 2019 from whom 120 individuals (60 natural bodybuilders and 60 steroid bodybuilders) were selected purposefully who answered the questionnaires of Sheard, Golby & Van Wersch’s (2009) Sports Mental Toughness and Antonovsky’s (1993) Sense of Coherence. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance by SPSS 24 software.Results: The findings of this study showed that there was a significant difference between the components of mental toughness and sense of coherence in the two groups (P<0.01). Natural bodybuilders had higher levels of Confidence (24.93, P<0.001), Constancy (15.60, P<0.006), Control (14.43, P<0.001), and sense of coherence (21.88, P<0.001) compared to steroid bodybuilders.Discussion: The results obtained from this research show that the abuse of steroid drugs has a significant impact on the psychological and physical aspects of bodybuilders. For this purpose, it is necessary to prevent possible injuries by providing proper information and providing psychological services to professional athletes.
Abdolmahammad Safari; Jahanshah Mohammadzadeh; Vahid Ahmadi; Shahram Mami
Abstract
Objective: some recent studies suggested the beneficial effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on stress reduction and perceived stress, leading to the improvement of mental disorders caused by stress. Given that female-headed households are one of the most vulnerable groups of society that ...
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Objective: some recent studies suggested the beneficial effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on stress reduction and perceived stress, leading to the improvement of mental disorders caused by stress. Given that female-headed households are one of the most vulnerable groups of society that need to be studied, the aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of mindfulness-based stress reduction on the reduction of perceived stress and depressive symptoms among this group.
Method: The present study was a semi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and follow-up phase. The study population consisted of 400 female-headed households aged 25 to 50 years covered by Ilam City Relief Committee. The participants were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. The perceived stress and depression symptoms were assessed using Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale (1983) and Beck Depression Inventory-II (1996), respectively. Mindfulness-based stress reduction program was performed for 8 weeks and all subjects were reassessed after intervention completion.
Results: Both groups had similar characteristics at baseline. The mean preserved stress and depression scores significantly improved in the experimental group after the intervention and at follow-up phase (p<0.001). However, no significant changes were observed in the control group (p=0.49).
Conclusion: Mindfulness-based stress reduction had a positive effect on perceived stress and depressive symptoms in female-headed households. It is also likely that the reduction in stress appraisals can improve psychological well-being and physical health.
Amir Abdolhosseini; Shahram Mami; Vahid Ahmadi
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to model quality of life based on perceived stress and distress tolerance of the elderly in Ilam with the mediating role of hardiness. This applicable study was conducted through descriptive-structural equation modeling.
Method: The statistical population was elderly people ...
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Objective: This study aimed to model quality of life based on perceived stress and distress tolerance of the elderly in Ilam with the mediating role of hardiness. This applicable study was conducted through descriptive-structural equation modeling.
Method: The statistical population was elderly people of Ilam city (N=9496) during 2020. The sample size was calculated at 384 cases using Power-G software (2007). The sample was selected by aim-oriented sampling method based on inclusion criteria in public places of Ilam city. Participants completed the standard questionnaires of the quality of life World Health Organization (1996), Cohen Perceived Stress (1994), Distress Tolerance Scale of Simmons and Gohar (2005), and the Kobasa hardiness Questionnaire (1982). Data was analyzed in SPSS25 and Amos -25 software.
Results: The results showed that there is a significant relationship between perceived stress, distress tolerance, and hardiness with the quality of life of the elderly in Ilam city. Similarly, there is a significant relationship between perceived stress and distress tolerance with Hardiness.
Conclusion: The results of the structural equation model showed hardiness has a mediating role in the relationship between quality of life with distress tolerance and perceived stress. They have a total, direct, and indirect effect on variables.
Samaneh Otadi; Fariborz Bagheri; Hadi Hashemi razini; Payam Varaee
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to examine the effects of reality therapy on improving psychological capital and sense of cohesion among Iranian Patients with Multiple Sclerosis.
Method: This study was performed in Tehran in 2021. Sampling was employed to select 36 participants who completed the Psychological ...
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Objective: This study aimed to examine the effects of reality therapy on improving psychological capital and sense of cohesion among Iranian Patients with Multiple Sclerosis.
Method: This study was performed in Tehran in 2021. Sampling was employed to select 36 participants who completed the Psychological Capital Questionnaire and Sense of Cohesion Scale in the pretest, posttest, and onemonth follow-up stages. The participants of the experimental group underwent eight weekly 90-minute sessions to receive the online reality therapy; However, the control group received no intervention.
Results: Data analysis showed a significant difference in psychological capital and sense of cohesion in the experimental group compared to the control group (P< 0/05). There was a significant difference in three subscales of psychological capital (i.e., self-efficacy, resilience, and hope) and two subscales of the sense of cohesion (i.e., perceptibility and controllability) in Patients with MS in the experimental group (P <0.05), but no significant difference in optimism (a subscale of the psychological capital) and significance (a subscale of sense of cohesion) (P> 0.05).
Conclusion: Due to the effects of reality therapy on patients with multiple sclerosis, this psychological therapy can be employed to improve the psychological capital and sense of cohesion.
mojtabga aghili; Sara ramrodi
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on goal orientation and feeling of inferiority in individuals with physical-motor disabilities.
Methods: This study utilized a quasi-experimental method. The statistical population consisted of all students ...
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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on goal orientation and feeling of inferiority in individuals with physical-motor disabilities.
Methods: This study utilized a quasi-experimental method. The statistical population consisted of all students with physical-motor disabilities in Kalaleh County (n = 517). Among them, 30 students were selected as a sample using a convenience sampling method. After explaining the purpose of the research and signing the consent form, they were divided into two groups of 15: the experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in eight ACT training sessions (one 60-minute session per week), while the control group just answered pretest and posttest questionnaires. For this purpose, Elliot and McGregor's Achievement Goal Orientations Scale (2001) and Eysenck's Feelings of Inferiority Questionnaire (1976) were used.
Results: The findings indicated the effect of ACT-based training on mastery-approach goal orientation and feeling of inferiority in students with physical-motor disabilities and its effect was reported 0.50. Examining the means showed that the mastery-approach goal orientation increased, and the feeling of inferiority decreased after ACT.
Conclusions: Overall, the findings of this study showed that acceptance and commitment based therapy is It is effective in targeting the goal and feeling inferior in students with physical and motor disabilities.
zeinab Sharifipour Chokami; Arefeh Hamideh Moghadam; Abbas Abolghasemi
Abstract
Objective: According to the importance of health precautions and preventive behaviors against COVID-19, the present study aimed to compare health-related behaviors in individuals with and without COVID-19.
Methods: This study was causal-comparative and descriptive. The sample of the study was 30 persons ...
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Objective: According to the importance of health precautions and preventive behaviors against COVID-19, the present study aimed to compare health-related behaviors in individuals with and without COVID-19.
Methods: This study was causal-comparative and descriptive. The sample of the study was 30 persons with a history of COVID-19 infection and 61 normal individuals who were selected from men and women in Rasht through convenience sampling in 2021. To collect data, the Clark et al.’s Compliance Behaviors Against COVID-19 Questionnaire (2020) was used.
Results: The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that there were differences in health-related behaviors among individuals with and without COVID-19. In other words, the mean score of Perceived Invulnerability was higher in individuals with COVID-19 and Health Precautions and Health Importance in them were less than normal individuals.
Conclusions: These findings indicate that there are gaps in health behaviors related to the COVID-19 area and awareness in this area can have a positive effect on the quality of health-related behaviors.
mahnaz etefaghi; Mehrdad Sabet; Khadijeh Abolmaali Alhoseini
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Barlow's transdiagnostic, emotion-focused and mindfulness therapy on moderating the eating behavior of adults with obesity.
Method: The present research project was a semi-experimental with pretest, post test, and follow up with a ...
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Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Barlow's transdiagnostic, emotion-focused and mindfulness therapy on moderating the eating behavior of adults with obesity.
Method: The present research project was a semi-experimental with pretest, post test, and follow up with a control group. The statistical population included all people with obesity in Tehran. Sixty people were randomly selected through available sampling method and were assigned to four groups: (1) Barlow's transdiagnostic therapy, (2) emotion- focused therapy, (3) mindfulness-based therapy, and (4) control group. Data were analyzed using the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) in three stages: pre test, post test, and follow up, and were analyzed by mixed-variance analysis.
Results: The research findings showed the within effects significant (P<0.05) regarding emotional, environmental, and restricted eating. Regarding between effects, a significant and constant effectiveness was found in the subscale of emotional and restricted eating in emotion- focused therapy group and in the subscale of environmental eating in mindfulness-based therapy group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Emotion- focused therapy can help people to moderate emotional and restricted eating through emotional experience and making sense of emotions, and mindfulness therapy can help people to moderate environmental eating by helping them focus on the present moment and break repetitive patterns.
