abbas roozbehani; Morteza Tarkhan; Ahmad Alipour; Majid Saffarinia
Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed at studying the relationship between job stress and personality features and also if the effect of job stress on personality is moderated by social support.
Method: The research population consisted of offshore personnel working in Iranian Offshore Oil Company (IOOC) ...
Read More
Objective: The present study aimed at studying the relationship between job stress and personality features and also if the effect of job stress on personality is moderated by social support.
Method: The research population consisted of offshore personnel working in Iranian Offshore Oil Company (IOOC) in Khark Island, among whom 234 participants who were selected through convenience sampling method answered the three questionnaires of job stress, short form of NEO, and perceived social support-family scale. Four main hypotheses were examined through structural equation analysis.
Results: The findings showed a predictive effect of personality traits on job stress, except for openness to experience, in that job stress had an increasing effect on neuroticism and a decreasing effect on extraversion, agreeability, and conscientiousness. Social support, on the other hand, as a moderator, decreased the effect of job stress on personality feature except for openness to experience, extraversion, and agreeability in a way that it decreased neuroticism and increased conscientiousness.
Conclusion: The results generally revealed the predictive effects of job stress on personality features and showed that social support, as a moderator, can reduce the effects of job stress on personality traits. The results were discussed based on the existing models on personality changes.
hamid kamarzarin; ehsan golestani
Abstract
Background: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of CBT therapy on methadone consumption and general health of opium addicts before and after the intervention. Methods: The study population included all men aged 20 to 40 who were addicted to drugs and used the counseling ...
Read More
Background: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of CBT therapy on methadone consumption and general health of opium addicts before and after the intervention. Methods: The study population included all men aged 20 to 40 who were addicted to drugs and used the counseling services of addiction treatment centers in Tehran. The study sample included 30 addicted men who were selected using the available method and were counseled at Mofarrah addiction treatment center every day for six months. Subjects were divided into two experimental and control groups randomly and each group included 15 subjects. In this study, the index of opiate treatment (OTI) and the Goldberg's general health (GHQ) questionnaires were used to collect data. Descriptive, univariate covariance and multivariate covariance tests were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy had a significant effect on increasing general health characteristics (p <0/05), as well as reducing the desire to use drugs in patients undergoing methadone treatment (p <0/05). Conclusions: According to the findings, it can be concluded that the cognitive-behavioral therapy has therapeutic benefits for addicts that can lead to a reduction in drug use and temptation to consume. Besides, CBT by increasing appropriate coping strategies, improves their general and mental health.
Akbar Zolfaghari; Naser Mohammadi Ahmad Abadi; Somayah shaker ardakani
Abstract
Abstract Objective: Health literacy is the capacity to get, process and realize basic information and services necessary to make proper decisions in the field of health. This study was conducted aimed at determining the relationship between health literacy and demographic variables of Yazd city citizens. ...
Read More
Abstract Objective: Health literacy is the capacity to get, process and realize basic information and services necessary to make proper decisions in the field of health. This study was conducted aimed at determining the relationship between health literacy and demographic variables of Yazd city citizens. Method: This study was a descriptive (cross-sectional) one the population included 385 people living in Yazd city. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed. After completing the questionnaires, the data analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software, Pearson correlation coefficient and Chi-square test. Results: the results indicate that there is a significant relationship between health literacy and age, gender and marital status. The highest correlation coefficient was observed in the relationship between health literacy and age. Conclusion: Due to the effective demographic variables, it seems that demographic characteristics-based interventions should be designed and implemented in order to improve the health literacy of citizens.
maryam mazloom; shahram mohammadkhani
Abstract
Objective: This study investigates the different motives and substance use risk profile in opium and methamphetamine use. Method: The statistical sample includes Seventy-eight individuals with substance use history referred to drop-in center (DIC) that completed research instruments including demographic ...
Read More
Objective: This study investigates the different motives and substance use risk profile in opium and methamphetamine use. Method: The statistical sample includes Seventy-eight individuals with substance use history referred to drop-in center (DIC) that completed research instruments including demographic information (researcher-made questionnaire), substance use motives (Hecimovic, Barrett, Darredeau, and Stewart, 2014), and substance use risk profile scale (Woicik et al., 2009). Multivariate analysis of variance utilized for data analysis based on SPSS-24. Results: The results of the MANOVA indicated that availability, relaxation, enjoying, and sexual motives are significantly higher in individuals using methamphetamine. Also, the results of the substance use risk profile represent that there are significant differences in anxiety sensitivity, sensation-seeking, and impulsivity in opium and methamphetamine use. Conclusions: Findings indicate the important role of motives and substance use risk profile in the tendency to the different types of substances. These various motives and personality risk factors should be considered in educational settings and psychological treatment for different types of substance use, especially opiate or stimulating substances.
shahnaz Gili; seyed abbas haghayegh; vahid sadeghifiroozabadi; alireza alizadehghavidel; hasan rezayijamalooyi
Abstract
Objective: The present study was conducted with the aim of examining the effectiveness of Emotionally FocusedTherapy (EFT) on depression of heart disease patients in Tehran city in 2019.
Method: The research method was semi-experimental with pretest-posttest and control group. The statisticalpopulation ...
Read More
Objective: The present study was conducted with the aim of examining the effectiveness of Emotionally FocusedTherapy (EFT) on depression of heart disease patients in Tehran city in 2019.
Method: The research method was semi-experimental with pretest-posttest and control group. The statisticalpopulation of the study consisted of all heart disease patients in Tehran city, among whom 30 individuals were selectedthrough available sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 in each group). Theexperimental group received Emotionally Focused Therapy training in nine 60-minute sessions, and the control groupremained in the waiting list. The research instrument was depression questionnaire (Beck, Steer & Braun,1996) whichwas conducted in two stages of pretest and posttest. The analysis was performed through SPSS v24 in two descriptiveand inferential statistical sections.
Results: The results indicated that intervention used in this study could significantly decrease depression in heartdisease patients (p˂0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this research, Emotionally Focused Therapy can be an effective intervention inreducing depression in heart disease patients.
Atousa Mehdizadeh; Mohammad Ali Nilforoushzadeh; Mahnaz Aliakbari; Parvin Mansouri; Nahid Nikkhah
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Emotion-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (ECBT) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on the C-reactive protein (CRP) level in patients with psoriasis. Method: This research is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest ...
Read More
Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Emotion-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (ECBT) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on the C-reactive protein (CRP) level in patients with psoriasis. Method: This research is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design, a follow-up period, and control and intervention groups. The statistical population included all patients with psoriasis visiting Skin and Stem Cell Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS). In this study, 30 patients were selected as the sample and were randomly assigned to the control group (5 males and 5 females), the first intervention group (5 males and 5 females), and the second intervention group (5 males and 5 females). Patients in the first and second intervention groups participated in 8 sessions of ECBT and MBCT, respectively, and subjects in the control group received no intervention and were placed on the waiting list. The pretest, posttest, and follow-up CRP level were measured using laboratory kits. The data were analyzed using the repeated measures ANOVA through SPSS v22. Results: The results showed that both ECBT and MBCT reduced the CRP level equally. The same results were also obtained during the follow-up period. Conclusion: The study findings suggested that both ECBT and MBCT can be effective treatments for physical, psychological, and biological problems caused by psoriasis.
parvin mirzaei; parisa mostafanejhad
Abstract
Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of Sahajayoga and Mind Strengthening Yoga exercises on the anxiety test of female children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with gastrointestinal problems in Karaj.
Method: The study is semi-experimental in the ...
Read More
Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of Sahajayoga and Mind Strengthening Yoga exercises on the anxiety test of female children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with gastrointestinal problems in Karaj.
Method: The study is semi-experimental in the form of pretest-posttest with the control group. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 30 people were selected and divided into 3 groups (two experimental groups and one control group). Data collection tool included a questionnaire for diagnosing hyperactivity disorder along with attention deficit disorder and Abolghasemi’s exam anxiety questionnaire. The interventions took place in eight sessions and the subjects were examined before and after the interventions with the test anxiety test.
Results: The results show that Sahajayoga and Mind Strengthening Yoga exercises was significantly (p <0.05) effective and the hypothesis that the sessions were effective was confirmed. In other words, after the intervention of Sahajayoga technique, about 98%, and after the implementation of mind strengthening yoga, about 94% of the change in the dependent variable was due to the change in the independent variable. In fact, the Sahajayoga and Mind Strengthening Yoga training is effective in reducing the anxiety of this group of children.
Conclusion: The overall findings suggest that yoga-based training has a positive effect on reducing anxiety in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and gastrointestinal problems. Therefore, it is recommended to use this method in medical centers to decrease the anxiety and digestive problems of children with ADHD.
Andisheh Golshan; Majid Zargham Hajebi; nasser sobhi gharamaleki
Abstract
Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effects of group training through logotherapy on changing of self-esteem and intimacy attitudes and depression of physically disabled women. Method: The research was performed in semi-experimental method with two groups (logotherapy and control) with ...
Read More
Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effects of group training through logotherapy on changing of self-esteem and intimacy attitudes and depression of physically disabled women. Method: The research was performed in semi-experimental method with two groups (logotherapy and control) with pre-test, post-test and follow up design. The statistical population was 68 people with physically disabilities under care of Kashan welfare center. From this population, 40 physically disabled women (20-40 years old) who had depression above 17 were selected randomly and were divided equally in each groups randomly (n=20). The research instruments were, intimacy attitude Treadwell (1983), Beck depression (1996) and Eysenck’s self esteem (1976) inventories. Before the first group training session, by using questionnaires in both groups, pre-test was conducted. Then 8 sessions of logotherapy, twice a week, each lasting 120 minutes, were administrated to test the group. For both groups, post-test (immediately after training sessions), and follow-up test (one month later) were taken. Analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to analyze data. Results: The results showed that group training through logotherapy, significantly decreased depression (р ≤0.01), and significantly increased self-esteem and intimacy attitude (р ≤ 0.01) and the sustainability of this effects at follow-up. Conclusion: The study concluded that training logotherapy can effectively increase intimacy attitude and self-esteem and decrease depression in physically disabled women, and so it implies the importance of paying attention to spiritual training and applying them in welfare centers.
leila zoghi; Behnaz Torabian; Bita ajilchi
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relation between differentiations of self with social anxiety with the mediating role of mindfulness in obese women of Tehran city. Statistical analysis: The statistical population of this study was all women clients to Ayat Health Center in Tehran ...
Read More
Aim: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relation between differentiations of self with social anxiety with the mediating role of mindfulness in obese women of Tehran city. Statistical analysis: The statistical population of this study was all women clients to Ayat Health Center in Tehran with BMI>_ 30 had active file by Clinic expert. The sample consisted of 103 clients, selected by simple random sampling method. The tools used in this study were social phobia, differentiation of self and mindfulness Questionnaires. Fitness of the proposed model was examined through structural equation modeling (SEM), using SPSS-18 version and Lisrel software. Findings: Mindfulness has mediating role in relation between differentiations of self with social anxiety. The proposed model also fitted well with the data. Conclusion: Considering the important role of mindfulness in reducing social anxiety, it seems that mindfulness education should be considered in the educational programs of health houses and health centers.
Farnoosh Rafei; Mohammad Hatami; Anita Baghdassarians
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of the present research was to examine the effect of cognitive-behavioral stress management on health locus of control and resilience in patients with coronary artery disease.
Method: This research was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and control group. The statistical ...
Read More
Objective: The purpose of the present research was to examine the effect of cognitive-behavioral stress management on health locus of control and resilience in patients with coronary artery disease.
Method: This research was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and control group. The statistical population of this research consisted of all patients aged 40-65 years with coronary artery disease who were referred to Kasra Hospital in Tehran in 2019. The sample was 90 patients who were selected by targeted sampling method and randomly assigned into the two experimental and control groups. Data were collected using the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale and Resilience Scale. The research data were analyzed using Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).
Results: The results showed that the cognitive-behavior stress management significantly increased internal health locus of control and resilience in the experimental group (P<0.01).
Conclusions: Cognitive-behavioral stress management may lead to a change in one's self-awareness and abilities through cognitive challenge, cognitive error detection and thought replacement, which in turn can increases individual’s sense of containment and cognitive control.
Fatemeh Bayanfar
Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed to predict corona disease anxiety among medical staff in Tehran based on five-factor theory of personality. Method: In the present descriptive and correlational study, the statistical population included all medical staff in Tehran in 2020, among which 210 physicians, ...
Read More
Objective: The present study aimed to predict corona disease anxiety among medical staff in Tehran based on five-factor theory of personality. Method: In the present descriptive and correlational study, the statistical population included all medical staff in Tehran in 2020, among which 210 physicians, nurse, and other medical staffs were selected based on snowball sampling method. The instruments included Neo-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS). Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation and Multiple Regression Analysis. Findings: Regression analysis indicated significantly Beta coefficients for openness personality traits (-0.238) and conscientiousness personality traits (-0.249). a statistically significant correlation is observed between openness (39%), neuroticism (-39%), extraversion (37%), conscientiousness (34%), and agreeableness (25%) with coronavirus anxiety at the 99% confidence level. Further, the correlation between each of the dimensions and the mental component of coronavirus anxiety is more compared to that of physical one. Conclusion: Based on the results of multiple regression analysis, the micro-components of openness and conscientiousness could predict the level of total coronavirus anxiety. Considering standard coefficients, conscientiousness plays a more important role in predicting the level of total coronavirus anxiety in medical staffs, which decreases by increasing openness and conscientiousness. Medical staff who are higher in openness and conscientiousness personality traits are lower in corona disease anxiety.
fateme mehdipour; Amin Rafiepoor; kobra Hajializade
Abstract
Background & Objective: The majority of cancer patients have a poor quality of life. It seems mindfulness-based cognitive group therapy can improve quality of life in these patients. Therefore this study was conducted with the purpose of evaluating the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive ...
Read More
Background & Objective: The majority of cancer patients have a poor quality of life. It seems mindfulness-based cognitive group therapy can improve quality of life in these patients. Therefore this study was conducted with the purpose of evaluating the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive group therapy in improving quality of life among patients with cancer. Materials & Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental research conducted by pre- and post-testing. The sample population consisted of 30 cancer patients selected by purposive sampling and randomly placed in two groups of experimental and control (15 individuals per group). All subjects completed the quality of life questionnaire in the two stages of pre-test and post-test. The findings were analyzed by the SPSS software and multivariate analysis of covariance tests. Results: The results showed that there is a significant difference between the control and the experimental group and that mindfulness-based cognitive group therapy had a significant effect in improving quality of life in the members of the experimental group (p< 0/01). Conclusion: According to the results, it can be proposed that it is necessary for therapeutic centers and support forums related to refractory patients to use mindfulness-based cognitive group therapy in their plans to improve patients’ quality of life.
Nasrin Arshadi; Noori Kaabomeir
Abstract
Objective: Today, work as a social identity plays an important role in success, health, and well-being. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-determined motivation and psychological well-being, and well-being in life and workplace.
Method: The participants of this ...
Read More
Objective: Today, work as a social identity plays an important role in success, health, and well-being. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-determined motivation and psychological well-being, and well-being in life and workplace.
Method: The participants of this study consisted of 246 employees of Marun Oil and Gas Producing Company in Khuzestan in 2020, who were selected through stratified random sampling method. The instruments used in the study were Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale (Gagné et al., 2015), and Employee Well-being Scale (Zheng et al., 2015). Canonical correlation and multiple regression analysis were used for data analysis through SPSS-24.
Results: The results showed that among the three dimensions of job motivation, autonomous motivation with a structural coefficient of 0.94, and among the components of employee well-being, workplace well-being with a structural coefficient of 0.99, have the most relationship with the first fundamental variable from independent and dependent variables. According to the results of simultaneous regression analysis, autonomous motivation was the most important predictor for psychological well-being (β=0.45, p=0.000), life well-being (β=0.30, p=0.001), and workplace well-being (β=0.45, p=0.000). Amotivation could predict workplace well-being (β= -0.34, p=0.000). However, controlled motivation could not predict any component of employee well-being.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, autonomous motivation was the most important predictor of psychological, life, and workplace well-being. Therefore, it is recommended that organizations provide opportunity for development of this type of motivation.
vahid sadeghi firoozabadi
Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based group therapy on improving meta-cognitive beliefs in preventing the relapse of women consuming stimulants has been done. Method: The design of this study is experimental with pre-test and post-test with the control ...
Read More
Objective: The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based group therapy on improving meta-cognitive beliefs in preventing the relapse of women consuming stimulants has been done. Method: The design of this study is experimental with pre-test and post-test with the control group was followed by the follow-up phase. The statistical population of this study included all women who consumed stimulants from eighteen to forty years referring to the Hamgam sazan Addiction treatment Center in Tehran Province in 1396 among which thirty individuals were selected by convenience sampling method. Availability sampling was selected and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups of each 15 individuals. The 90-minute treatment session was trained by the mindfulness method. However, the control group received no training. (MCQ) in both pre-test and post-test stages were completed by both groups. Data were analyzed by covariance analysis and soft aided SPSS software was used for data analysis. After three months, both groups were followed up. Results: Results showed that there was a significant difference between the mean of metacognitive post-test scores in the experimental and control groups. Mindfulness training has improved metacognition in preventing relapse in women who use stimulants. Conclusion: The findings of this study in general indicate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based group therapy training on improving metacognitive beliefs in preventing the relapse of women consuming stimulants. Therefore, such sessions are recommended in drug addiction treatment centers and clinics.
Roya Balazadeh; Bahman Akbari; Abbas Abolghasemi
Abstract
Objective: this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral based stress management training and positive therapy on self-regulation behaviors of females with primary hypertension. Method: In this semi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and control group, 48 women with primary ...
Read More
Objective: this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral based stress management training and positive therapy on self-regulation behaviors of females with primary hypertension. Method: In this semi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and control group, 48 women with primary hypertension were randomized in control (n = 16), positive therapy (n = 16) and stress management (n = 16) groups. All participants completed standard self-regulation behaviors questionnaire before and after interventions. The intervention groups received cognitive-behavioral based stress management training program for eight sessions. The control group did not receive any intervention during research. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and descriptive and inferential statistical methods (ANCOVA). Results: The findings indicated level of self-regulatory behaviors significantly increased in the intervention groups in compare to control group (P> 0.05). Comparison of intervention group revealed superior effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral based stress management program versus positive therapy (Mean difference=28.13, P>0.05) Conclusion: cognitive-behavioral stress management training and positive therapy are effective on the self-regulation behaviors of women with primary hypertension. Improvement of self-regulation behaviors through psychological programs such as cognitive-behavioral stress management training and positive therapy reduce the burden of disease and enhance treatment adherence.
saade malekasgar; Mohammad Ali Mazaheri; Ladan Fata; Fereshte Mootabi; mahmood heidari
Abstract
Objective: Extramarita relations are among the main problems in the relationships of married couples that can resultin psychological disorders, tensions between couples, and even physical problems in people involved. The risk ofcontracting sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV/AIDS, is high among ...
Read More
Objective: Extramarita relations are among the main problems in the relationships of married couples that can resultin psychological disorders, tensions between couples, and even physical problems in people involved. The risk ofcontracting sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV/AIDS, is high among the people who have extramaritalrelations. A large number of studies have addressed this issue, but there is no consistency in the results, and no researchhas reviewed them systematically. This study aims to depict a comprehensive image of the relationship betweenextramarital relationships and contracting HIV/AIDS.Method: This systematic review will be conducted using Pubmed, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, ProQuest,Web of Science, and Google Scholar, as well as the grey literature with no restriction regarding the language. All types ofstudies investigated the relationship between extramarital relations and HIV/AIDS will be included. The population of thestudy will be considered the people more than 18 years old with extramarital relationships in their lives at the time of researchor before. Two independent reviewers will perform the study selection and data extraction. The assessment of the risk of bias will be implemented using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist. Publication bias will be assessed by funnel plots, Begg’s, and Egger’s tests. Heterogeneity will be evaluated using the I2 statistic and the χ2 test. Also, we will conduct subgroup analyses for the population and all Meta-analyses will be performed using Stata V.13 software.Conclusion: The findings will revealed a comprehensive picture of the relation between extramarital relationshipsand HIV/AIDS that can improve policy decisions, leading to a reduction and providing improved special services forindividuals, couples, and families, and society who faced this problem.
Saeed Nasiry; Zahra Ebrahimi; Arash Monadjem
Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed to examine whether the treatment of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) in adolescents via Attentional Bias Modification (ABM) improves their health-related quality of life.Method: 34 adolescents with IGD who were 12-17 years old were randomly assigned to experimental (n ...
Read More
Objective: The present study aimed to examine whether the treatment of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) in adolescents via Attentional Bias Modification (ABM) improves their health-related quality of life.Method: 34 adolescents with IGD who were 12-17 years old were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 16) and control (n = 18) groups. The experimental group received ABM, while no interventions were delivered to the control group. Attentional bias, IGD severity, and health-related quality of life were assessed using Modified Stroop Task, Internet Gaming Disorder-20 (IGD-20), and KIDSCREEN-52 questionnaires, respectively. Data from pre-test, post-test, and two months follow-up measurements were analyzed using two-way mixed measures ANOVA and Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) via SPSS software.Results: ABM successfully reduced attentional bias and IGD severity and improved health-related quality of life in adolescents of the experimental group (p < 0.05). These significant changes were observed at post-test and two months follow-up. Meanwhile, no significant change occurred in the control group (p > 0.05).Conclusion: It could be concluded that ABM not only reduces the severity of IGD in adolescents, but also improves their health-related quality of life, although further research is required for the understanding of its mechanisms of effects
Tayebe Rahimi Pordanjani; Davide Giusino; Ali Mohamadzadeh Ebrahimi; Hamidreza Mokarami; Sakineh Varmazyar; Rezvan Nourozi Jahed
Abstract
Objective: To investigate whether neuroticism and extraversion predicted job-related affective wellbeing of people working under stressful conditions, notably emergency room nurses. Also, to investigate whether perceived job stress mediated the relationship between neuroticism, extraversion, and job-related ...
Read More
Objective: To investigate whether neuroticism and extraversion predicted job-related affective wellbeing of people working under stressful conditions, notably emergency room nurses. Also, to investigate whether perceived job stress mediated the relationship between neuroticism, extraversion, and job-related affective well-being.Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was administered to 242 nurses working at an emergency room in Tehran, Iran, recruited through available sampling, including two sub-scales of the NEO Five-Factor Inventory, the Job-Related Affective Well-Being Scale, and the Job Stress Questionnaire.Structural Equation Modelling was deployed for data analysisusing SPSS Amos v22.0and PROCESS macro for SPSS, setting significance threshold at p<.05.Results: Direct and statistically significant effects of neuroticism (β = -.17, p<.005) and extraversion (β = .41, p<.001) on perceived job stress were found, as well as a negative effect of extraversion on job-related affective well-being (β = -.27, p<.001). Perceived job stress was found to negatively predict job-related affective well-being (β = -0.60, p<.001). There was no significant relationship between neuroticism and job-related affective well-being. The mediating effect of perceived job stress was supported (p<.001).Conclusion: Results have theoretical implications for research about the relationship between personality traits and job-related well-being of employees working under stressful conditions. As for practical implications, hospital managers might implement workplace interventions to enhance nurses’ job-related affective well-being and reduce nurses’ job stress. In this context, extraversion and job stress should be understood as psychosocial risk factors, whereas neuroticism should be conceived as a protective factor against job stress.
Ziba Farajzadegan; Neda Tavakoli Moghadam; Mahboobeh Naderolasli; Hossein Aahmadloo; Mohammad Ali Boroumand; Nima Motamed
Abstract
objective: Quality of life (QOL) in cancer patients is more important than being only alive. In all types of cancers, treatments and complications of treatments affect patients’ quality of life directly and indirectly. So finding ways to improve the quality of life in cancer patients is one ...
Read More
objective: Quality of life (QOL) in cancer patients is more important than being only alive. In all types of cancers, treatments and complications of treatments affect patients’ quality of life directly and indirectly. So finding ways to improve the quality of life in cancer patients is one of the priorities of the health system. One effective way is the improvement of the sense of coherence (SOC) which is one of the components of salthogenic medicine. In this research, we investigated the effect of sense of coherence on quality of life in cancer patients through a systematic review.
Methods and material: As the research method was a systematic review, in our search strategy, we searched some databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, web of science, and Embase. At first, we studied all the articles, and based on their title, we chose some of them. Then based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study, appropriate and related articles were selected. CASP (Critical Appraisal Skills Program) checklist was used to evaluate the articles. Finally, eight articles remained for analysis. Then the results were extracted and synthesized.
Results: In this review, it was found that in most studies there was a strong association between SOC and QOL, but some variables, such as age and stage of cancer, could impress the degree of this association. The differences between the kinds of questions in different questionnaires might be the result of these differences.
Conclusion: Taken together, there is a moderate correlation between SOC and QOL and some other factors can influence both of them, so we should do more research to find the factors that can improve the SOC in cancer patients.
asie eftekhari
Abstract
Objective: Pathogen disgust has evolved as a psychological adaptation in response to the avoidance of disease-causing organisms. Recently, evolutionary social psychologists have proposed the existence of a behavioral immune system that has evolved to avoid pathogens as a psychological adaptation. However, ...
Read More
Objective: Pathogen disgust has evolved as a psychological adaptation in response to the avoidance of disease-causing organisms. Recently, evolutionary social psychologists have proposed the existence of a behavioral immune system that has evolved to avoid pathogens as a psychological adaptation. However, researchers claim that the concept of a behavioral immune system is not the same as pathogen avoidance. Therefore, in this study, the aim is to investigate whether the behavioral immune system is the same as the pathogen avoidance system or has a broader meaning.
Method: Using the Google Scholar database, keywords such as disease avoidance, pathogen disgust, and the behavioral immune system were searched. PubMed for the behavioral immune system, system over perception disease cues, and disease over perception bias was investigated as well. All-time periods were used for this review study and more than two hundred documents were reviewed and extracted according to the criteria.
Results: The findings show that there are three main mechanisms involved in the behavioral immune system. This system includes emotional, cognitive, and behavioral mechanisms. Therefore, the results showed that the behavioral immune system has a broader meaning than the pathogen avoidance system.
Conclusion: Research on physiological correlations with emotional experiences shows that disgust is evoked in response to pathogen-related stimuli and is associated with unique patterns of the autonomic nervous system and neural activity. However little is known about the functional connections between anatomical structures, neurochemical processes, and various cognitive and behavioral phenomena that are the manifestations of the behavioral immune system, and more studies are needed in this area.
Nayyereh Ghashang; MohammadAli Mazaheri Tehrani; Ladan Fata; Fereshteh Mootabi; mahmood heidari; zahra Bigham
Abstract
Objective: The Brief Accessibility, Responsiveness, and Engagement (BARE) Scale is a short self-report questionnaire that measures the key behaviors of the attachment system. It can be easily administered by both clinicians and researchers of different domains as the dyadic relationship between attachment ...
Read More
Objective: The Brief Accessibility, Responsiveness, and Engagement (BARE) Scale is a short self-report questionnaire that measures the key behaviors of the attachment system. It can be easily administered by both clinicians and researchers of different domains as the dyadic relationship between attachment and mental/physical health. It has been proved by a vast majority of studies. To our knowledge, no measure specifically focuses on couple attachment. Furthermore, we could not find any systematic review and/or meta-analysis which have been conducted to evaluate the psychometric properties of BARE.
Methods: Two independent reviewers will search comprehensively through relevant databases and also grey literature. Information will be analyzed by means of priori-defined criteria by two of reviewers. Seemingly, data will be extracted from the full texts of included studies based on a set of data extraction forms in accordance with the related psychometric information. The methodological quality of studies on the development and validation of BARE will be assessed using consensus-based standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) checklist. Finally, the psychometrics of this tool will then be analyzed using predefined criteria.
Results: Systematic review with meta-analyses involving multidimensional outcomes.
Discussion: In this protocol, we have briefly described our method for conducting a systematic review in order to measuring the psychometric properties of BARE. All of the reasons call for exploring the psychometric properties of BARE discussed comprehensively in the introduction.
Maryam Bozorgmanesh; Mohammad Hatami; Jafar Hasani; Mohammad Sahebjam; Mehdi Akbari
Abstract
Objective: Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is a pathological process in the coronary arteries that deserves special attention. This cross-sectional descriptive study aimed to predict the emotion regulation strategies, i.e., cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression, adopted by patients with Coronary ...
Read More
Objective: Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is a pathological process in the coronary arteries that deserves special attention. This cross-sectional descriptive study aimed to predict the emotion regulation strategies, i.e., cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression, adopted by patients with Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) using reinforcement sensitivity components, namely Behavioral Approach System (BAS), Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS), fight, flight, and freeze. Methods: To this end, 322 patients with CHD were recruited from three medical centers in Tehran, Iran. Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and Jackson-5 scales of revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory were administered to the patients, and the data were analyzed by regression analysis. Results: The results revealed that BAS significantly predicted cognitive reappraisal strategy and also made the strongest contribution to the explanation of expressive suppression strategy; furthermore, flight and freeze were both equally the second most significant predictors of expressive suppression. Conclusion: Therefore, the interaction between emotion regulation and reinforcement sensitivity components should be considered in patients with CHD.
Afsaneh Dortaj; Mahnaz Aliakbari Dehkordi; Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Stress Management (CBSM) therapy on distress tolerance, pain perception, and interleukin-12 (IL-12) in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS).Method: The present study was a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest, ...
Read More
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Stress Management (CBSM) therapy on distress tolerance, pain perception, and interleukin-12 (IL-12) in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS).Method: The present study was a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest, follow-up, and control group. The statistical population included all female patients with relapsing-remitting MS who had been referred to Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Research Centers of Tehran Medical Sciences University. Among them, 20 patients were selected by convenience sampling and were randomly assigned to experimental (10 patients) and control groups (10 patients). The experimental group received the CBSM. Participants completed the research scales. To measure IL-12, the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was used. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and Bonferroni post-hoc test.Results: CBSM increased the distress tolerance and components of pain perception (perceived influence of important people and doing daily affairs) (p<0.001) and decreased pain severity and IL-12. Also, these changes remained stable during follow-up.Conclusions: CBSM is effective on distress tolerance, pain perception, and IL-12 in MS patients.
lancy Dsouza; mojtabga aghili; zeynab nasiri; arezou asghari
Abstract
Objective: Drug addiction is one of the four worldwide crises of the third millennium, at the forefront of risks and societal ills, and one of the most severe challenges confronting today's societies, particularly ours. The purpose of this research was to assess the efficacy of mindfulness on drug craving, ...
Read More
Objective: Drug addiction is one of the four worldwide crises of the third millennium, at the forefront of risks and societal ills, and one of the most severe challenges confronting today's societies, particularly ours. The purpose of this research was to assess the efficacy of mindfulness on drug craving, stress, and cortisol levels in Mashhad-based males who used crystal meth.
Method: Pre- and post-tests with a control group were the sort of quasi-experimental study used. The statistical population comprised all males who used crystal meth, which was sent to the Ofogh Rah-e Sabz addiction treatment clinics in Mashhad, from which 30 participants were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups using convenience sampling methods (15 people in each group). They answered the Holmes and Rahe stress questionnaire in addition to the Somoza et al. cravings questionnaire. And their urine was examined to determine cortisol levels. The experimental group got eight sessions of mindfulness treatment, whereas the control group received no treatment. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to examine the research data.
Results: The findings indicated that mindfulness lowered cravings, stress and cortisol levels (p<0/001).
Conclusion: According to the results, mindfulness-based interventions may be utilized with medical therapy for methamphetamine addicts.
j venkatesh kumar; mojtabga aghili; mehri zaree; arezou asghari
Abstract
Objective: Diabetes is one of the most important metabolic diseases worldwide and has a worrying prevalence. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on adherence to medication and appropriate food consumption in patients with diabetes ...
Read More
Objective: Diabetes is one of the most important metabolic diseases worldwide and has a worrying prevalence. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on adherence to medication and appropriate food consumption in patients with diabetes type 2.
Method: The research design was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test and control groups. The statistical population of this study consisted of all patients with diabetes admitted to the Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Clinic in Tehran. The sample size was 30 who were divided into two Experimental (n=15) and control groups (n=15). Kelly Hayes (1994) and the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) were provided to both groups as research instruments. The control group stayed on the waiting list and the mindfulness intervention training was performed for the experimental group in eight 90-minutes sessions. The research data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and repeated measures analysis of variance.
Results: The results showed that mindfulness-based stress reduction training has significantly increased adherence to treatment and proper food consumption in patients with diabetes type 2 (p<0.05), and this increase has remained constant over time.
Conclusion: In order to adhere to the treatment and proper nutrition of patients with type 2 diabetes, stress-based mindfulness training can be used.
