Alaleh Attaran khorasani; Mohammad javad Aldaghi; niki darbanbashi khamesi; manizheh maleki; zahra jahani; rahman razavi
Abstract
Objective: Treatment adherence, the extent to which patients can follow the agreed recommendations for prescribedtreatments with a healthcare provider, is a key component of chronic disease management. This study aimed atexamining the structural pattern of personality traits of cancer patients on treatment ...
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Objective: Treatment adherence, the extent to which patients can follow the agreed recommendations for prescribedtreatments with a healthcare provider, is a key component of chronic disease management. This study aimed atexamining the structural pattern of personality traits of cancer patients on treatment adherence and cancer coping selfefficacy mediated by social support.Method: The method of the present study was descriptive, and the research design was correlational based on structuralequation modeling. The statistical population included all female patients with breast cancer referred to Shahid RahimiHospital for follow-up treatment, among whom 300 were selected using the convenience sampling method. Then, theycompleted the research questionnaires, including Five Personality Traits, the Self-efficacy for Appropriate MedicineUse Scale, Cancer Behavior Inventory, and Social Support Therapeutic Outcomes Questionnaire. The research datawere analyzed using AMOS statistical software.Results: The results showed a significant relationship between personality traits, adherence to treatment, cancer selfefficacy, and social support. The results of structural equation modeling showed a good fit of the model with theexperimental data, and the general hypothesis of the research was confirmed. Personality traits have a significantpositive effect on adherence to cancer treatment and self-efficacy. Also, personality traits mediated by social supportshowed a negative and significant relationship with adherence to treatment and cancer self-efficacy.Conclusion: This study showed the effective role of social support in the outcome of social and individual measuresto increase adherence to treatment and cancer self-efficacy in patients with breast cancer.
Golnaz Rasoolzadegan; mozhgan Agah heris; Shahrokh Karbalai Saleh
Abstract
Objective: Quality of life and mental well-being are some of the issues that can play an important role in the disease and its treatment. The purpose of this study was to compare the quality of life and mental well-being of myocardial infarction patients and healthy people.
Method: This is a causal-comparative ...
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Objective: Quality of life and mental well-being are some of the issues that can play an important role in the disease and its treatment. The purpose of this study was to compare the quality of life and mental well-being of myocardial infarction patients and healthy people.
Method: This is a causal-comparative study with parallel groups. The statistical population of this study was all myocardial infarction patients in Sina hospital in Tehran in 2019. To select sample of the study, 69 myocardial infarction patients and 72 healthy people were selected through available sampling method. Data were collected by the use of the Quality of Life Questionnaire (QoL, SF-36) and Psychological Wellbeing Scale (PWB). Then, the collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistical methods, Mann-Whitney U test, and one-way variance analysis (ANOVA).
Results: In terms of quality of life, healthy people were at a higher level compared to patients (F=49.90, P<0.05), but the score of total quality of life regarding the sex difference was not significant in healthy and patient groups (F=1.74, P>0.05). Also, the dimensions of mental well-being were higher in healthy subjects than in myocardial infarction patients (F=4.41, P<0.05) and there was no difference between male and female (F=0.01, P>0.05).
Conclusion: Myocardial infarction patients have a lower quality of life and subjective well-being than healthy people. Based on the results, it is necessary to pay more attention to two variables of quality of life and subjective well-being in the design of interventions to reduce the psychological problems of patients with MI.
Chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, AIDS, cardiovascular, MS, etc.
Mahdiyeh Rashidgholami; azar kiamarsi
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) training on pain beliefs and dimensions of anger in women with rheumatoid arthritis.
Method: The research design was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test and a control group. The statistical ...
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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) training on pain beliefs and dimensions of anger in women with rheumatoid arthritis.
Method: The research design was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test and a control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of women with rheumatoid arthritis referred to medical centers in Tabriz City in 2022. The sample included 25 women with rheumatoid arthritis selected through convenience sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, who were then randomly assigned to two groups. The research instruments used were Williams and Thorne's Belief in Pain Questionnaire and Spielberger's State-Trait Anger Questionnaire, which were provided to both groups to collect the required data. The control group remained on the waiting list, while the experimental group underwent MBSR training over eight weekly sessions (90 minutes per week) following Jon Kabat-Zinn's approach. The research data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).
Results: The results indicated significant differences between the MBSR and control groups in pain beliefs and anger. Specifically, MBSR treatment led to a reduction in pain-related beliefs and anger in the experimental group (P<0.001). Eta-squared values showed that 76.3%, 71.8%, 74.4%, and 69.6% of the variance in pain beliefs and anger could be attributed to the effects of MBSR, respectively.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) training can be considered as a complementary and protective treatment technique for patients with chronic and painful conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis.
Abdollah Mo'tamedi; Yalda Tangestani
Volume 1, Issue 2 , December 2018, , Pages 45-54
Abstract
Background: The aim of the present study was to predict cognitive failures in the elderly based on personality dimensions and lifestyle and examine the mediating role of negative emotions as a model. Materials and Methods: This research is of correlation type and its statistical population included all ...
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Background: The aim of the present study was to predict cognitive failures in the elderly based on personality dimensions and lifestyle and examine the mediating role of negative emotions as a model. Materials and Methods: This research is of correlation type and its statistical population included all the elderly in Tehran. In the present study, 150 elderly persons participated by convenience sampling method. Research instruments were cognitive failures, Eysenck Personality Inventory, lifestyle scale and Negative emotions. In order to analyze the data, the path analysis and stepwise regression analysis were used. Results: The results showed that personality dimensions and lifestyle can significantly and negatively predict emotions and cognitive failures and finally with respect to the proposed model, it was found that lifestyle and personality dimensions could significantly predict cognitive failures through the mediation negative emotions. Conclusions: The result obtained from this study can be used to identify the groups vulnerable to cognitive failures and make necessary recommendations to the experts to understand the causes andetiology, consultation and prevention of cognitive failures.
rabeeh azarmehr; Ezatollah Ahmadi
Abstract
Objective: the aim of the present study was to investigate the role of anxiety sensitivity and attentional control in predicting the tendency toward addiction in youth. Method: The present study is a correlation type, in this regard, the number of 150 students were selecte through multistage cluster ...
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Objective: the aim of the present study was to investigate the role of anxiety sensitivity and attentional control in predicting the tendency toward addiction in youth. Method: The present study is a correlation type, in this regard, the number of 150 students were selecte through multistage cluster sampling. The attentional control questionnaire (Derryberry& Reed, 2002), anxiety sensitivity (Peterson& Reiss, 1987) and the readiness scale for drug abuse (Zargar, 2007) were performed on individuals. The research data were analyzed by the Pearson correlation coefficient and regression. Results: The results showed that there is a significant correlation between attentional control and the lack of cognitive control with the tendency to addiction. Conclusion: According to the findings it can be concluded that in addition to social and biological factors, psychological factors such as attentional control and anxiety sensitivity is influential in the tendency and readiness of individuals to drug addiction. Keywords: Attentional control, Anxiety Sensitivity, The tendency to addiction,students, health
mohammad oraki; Majid Safarinia; sajad bahrami
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive-behavioral therapy on the perceived stress, disease adaptation, quality of life, and cognitive function of patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Method: The design of the study was semi-experimental with a pretest-posttest ...
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Objective: This study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive-behavioral therapy on the perceived stress, disease adaptation, quality of life, and cognitive function of patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Method: The design of the study was semi-experimental with a pretest-posttest and control group. The statistical population of this study was all patients with sarcoma-lymphatic and gastrointestinal cancer undergoing chemotherapy in Firoozgar-Taleghani-Shariati specialized hospitals in Tehran in the second half of 2021. The study sample consisted of 40 patients with cancer who were selected through convenience sampling and then were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (20 in each group). The therapy was performed by the researcher for eight 90 minutes –sessions, two sessions per week. Research data were collected using Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale (1983), Watson's disease adaptability (1988), Barclay's cognitive functions, and quality of life questionnaires (2012), and were analyzed by multivariate repeated measures variance analysis.
Results: The results showed a significant difference in all variables, and demonstrated that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy significantly improved perceived stress, disease adaptation, quality of life, and cognitive functions of participants in the experimental group in the post-test and follow-up.
Conclusion: According to the research findings, it can be concluded that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy is effective in improving the psychological indicators of cancer patients.
Minoo Khalaj Asadi; Ziba Barghi Irani; Mahnaz Aliakbari
Abstract
Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and progressive nervous system disease. The present study aimed tocompare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) onthe psychosocial adjustment to illness and expanded disability of multiple sclerosis ...
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Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and progressive nervous system disease. The present study aimed tocompare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) onthe psychosocial adjustment to illness and expanded disability of multiple sclerosis patients.
Method: This research was a pretest-posttest controlled quasi-experimental study with a three-month and six-monthfollow-up. The research population was comprised of all MS patients in Tehran in 2021. Using the purposeful samplingmethod, 60 people were selected and randomly assigned to ACT and CBT experimental groups and the control group.Drogits’ (1986) Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale (PAIS) and expanded disability status scale (EDSS) wereused to collect data. The ACT group received eight 120-minute sessions, the CBT group received eight one-hoursessions, and no intervention was provided for the control group. Covariance analysis and post hoc tests were used toanalyze the data.
Results: The results demonstrated that ACT had a higher effect than CBT in enhancing psychosocial adjustment toillness (P=0.024) and reducing expanded disability (P=0.024), which has been constant in the follow-up stages.
Conclusion: In general, both ACT and CBT interventions significantly improved the psychosocial adjustment to illnessand reduced the expanded disability of MS patients. However, it is suggested that professionals use ACT intervention formore effectiveness.
Psychological aspects in health and diseases
Ezzatollah Ahmadi; Mohadese Bayat; Rahim yosefi
Abstract
Introduction: Whenever there is an outbreak of infectious diseases, psychosocial impact has been observed on individual and social levels globally. The psychological and social effects of the COVID-19 epidemic are potential and widespread, which affect people's mental health in the long term. The present ...
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Introduction: Whenever there is an outbreak of infectious diseases, psychosocial impact has been observed on individual and social levels globally. The psychological and social effects of the COVID-19 epidemic are potential and widespread, which affect people's mental health in the long term. The present study aimed to investigate the role of neuroticism in predicting psychological distress through perceived stress and loneliness in covid-19.Method: This research was carried out in the form of correlation and structural equations. The statistical population of the research was all the students of Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, 300 of whom were selected through convenience sampling, and the neuroticism scale was from the short form of the Neo questionnaire, the Cohen et al.'s perceived stress questionnaire, the Kessler psychological distress questionnaire, and the loneliness scale. Social Emotional Assessment for Adults (SELSA-S) was administered to them. Then the obtained data were analyzed using Spss26 and Amos22 software.Results: The results showed that neuroticism is related to psychological distress through loneliness and perceived stress. Also, there is a positive and significant relationship between the components of loneliness, perceived stress, and neuroticism with stress, anxiety, and depression.Conclusion: Therefore, considering the increasing spread of psychological distress, it is necessary to reduce people's psychological distress by teaching self-care skills and stress management.
parisa moradikelardeh; vahid sadeghi firoozabadi; mahmood heidari; mohsen dehghani
Abstract
Objective: Chronic pain is one of the most important medical problems that affect many people every year. The highest prevalence of chronic pain is in adulthood. Sleep problems are one of common symptoms of chronic pain. The aim of this study was to compare sleep quality in mothers with chronic pain ...
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Objective: Chronic pain is one of the most important medical problems that affect many people every year. The highest prevalence of chronic pain is in adulthood. Sleep problems are one of common symptoms of chronic pain. The aim of this study was to compare sleep quality in mothers with chronic pain and healthy mothers. Methods: This study was comparative and its statistical population was included all women referred to the Pain Clinic of Imam Hossein Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Among them, 159 persons were selected using convenience sampling method. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Von korff Pain Intensity Scale and demographic information Form were used to collect data. Data analysis was done using t-test and one way analysis of variance. Results: The results showed that sleep quality in mothers with chronic pain was significantly different from healthy mothers, and with increase in pain intensity, sleep quality decreased. Conclusions: Results of this study have implications on need pay attention to quality of sleep in mothers with chronic pain and its impact on daily routine and their duties as a parent.
leila safadel; Farhad Jomehry; Suzan emamipur; omid , Rezaei
Abstract
Objective: Irritable bowel syndrome is a chronic psychosomatic disease. Stressful events play a critical role in thisdisease, and lifestyle modification is one of the treatment priorities for these patients. The present study aimed to examinethe role of health-enhancing lifestyles among stressful life ...
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Objective: Irritable bowel syndrome is a chronic psychosomatic disease. Stressful events play a critical role in thisdisease, and lifestyle modification is one of the treatment priorities for these patients. The present study aimed to examinethe role of health-enhancing lifestyles among stressful life events and salutogenic health indicators in these patients.Method: Data analysis was done by structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all patients withirritable bowel syndrome referred to Imam Sajjad Hospital in Tehran in 2019 and 2020. The statistical sample was 229patients selected through Purposive sampling and diagnosed by a psychiatrist based on ROME-IV criteria. Researchtools included the Bringsen Salutogenic Health Indicators Scale, Sarason Life Events Inventory, and Walker HealthPromoting Lifestyle Profile-II. Data analysis was done by SPSS-20 and LISREL-8 software. Ethical considerationsbased on confidentiality, respect for the rights of individuals, human dignity, and avoiding harming the participants anddistorting information were observed. Also Participants had full authority to withdraw from the study at any timeResults: The relationship between lifestyle (t=2.723, ß=0.17) and stressful events (t=-2.31, ß=-0.42) with salutogenichealth indicators was significant. The mediating role of lifestyle between life events and salutogenic health indicators wasmeaningful at P<005 and a standard coefficient (0.0-13.11).Conclusion: It seems that lifestyle and control over stressful events affect the health indicators of patients with irritablebowel syndrome. Therefore, it is suggested to provide appropriate training programs to control and manage stressfulevents and provide strategies to modify lifestyle to improve health.
Roghieh Majidzadeh; Sajjad Rezaei; Bahman Akbari
Abstract
Objective: This research investigated the mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship of type D personality with psychological well-being and self-care behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes.Research Method: The statistical population of this research included all patients with type 2 diabetes ...
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Objective: This research investigated the mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship of type D personality with psychological well-being and self-care behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes.Research Method: The statistical population of this research included all patients with type 2 diabetes in the cities of Rasht and Rezvanshahr in 2020-2021. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 368 patients were selected through purposive consecutive sampling. The participants completed the questionnaire of the summary of diabetes self-care activities (SDSCA), type D personality scale (DS-14), Ryff's scale of psychological well-being (RSPWB), and self-compassion scale – short form (SCS-SF). The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) in AMOS-24. Bootstrapping analysis was carried out via Preacher and Hayes’ (2008) macro to analyze the mediating relationships.Results: According to the bootstrapping analysis, self-compassion significantly mediates the relationship of type D personality with psychological well-being and self-care behaviors (in all cases p< 0.0001). The coefficient of determination of the final model demonstrated that all exogenous and medicating variables could predict 89% of the psychological well-being changes and 87% of self-care behaviors.Conclusions: Self-compassion can serve as a buffer and reduce the destructive effects of the type D personality on psychological well-being and self-care behaviors in diabetic patients. Thus, taking measures to train and strengthen self-compassion is essential in the psychological treatment of diabetic patients.
Chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, AIDS, cardiovascular, MS, etc.
Vahid Sadeghi-Firoozabadi; Haniyeh Khosh; Mohsen Dehghani; Ali khatibi; AbdolReza Nasser Moghaddasi; Vahid abdolmanafi
Abstract
Objective: This research was conducted to study the role of sleep quality moderators in the relationship between depression and treatment compliance. Method: The research design was descriptive and correlational, and the research population included all patients with multiple sclerosis living in ...
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Objective: This research was conducted to study the role of sleep quality moderators in the relationship between depression and treatment compliance. Method: The research design was descriptive and correlational, and the research population included all patients with multiple sclerosis living in Tehran. 229 subjects with Multiple Sclerosis were selected in a convenient method, and they were asked to answer Morinsky's treatment compliance, Petersburg sleep quality, and Beck's depression questionnaires using the pencil and paper method.Results: Evidence of the predictive role of depressive symptoms for poor adherence to treatment in patients with multiple sclerosis was found. In addition, evidence of the predictive role of sleep quality in treatment adherence was found, but its mediating role in the relationship between depression and treatment adherence was not found.Conclusion: The findings indicated the importance of depression symptoms and sleep quality in the treatment compliance of multiple sclerosis patients. Considering the importance of treatment compliance in the prognosis of the disease, it is suggested that doctors consider this issue to formulate treatment plans to target cognitive and emotional problems parallel to the main treatment of the disease and thereby increase treatment compliance.
Psychological aspects in health and diseases
Bahareh Zaddahesh; Vahideh Babakhani; Jaffar Pouyamanesh; Mojtaba AmiriMajd
Abstract
Objective: Extramarital relationships pose challenges to family life and can affect the mental health and well-being of family members. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of sexual sensation seeking on marital infidelity, sexual performance, and sexual satisfaction ...
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Objective: Extramarital relationships pose challenges to family life and can affect the mental health and well-being of family members. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of sexual sensation seeking on marital infidelity, sexual performance, and sexual satisfaction in individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Methods: The present research was conducted based on a correlation and structural equation design. Among all married individuals referring to counseling and psychological service centers in Qazvin in 2022, 216 were selected through purposive sampling and participated as subjects. Data were collected using the self-report scale of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, the Infidelity Scale, the Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire, the Sexual Function Questionnaire, and the Kalichman and Rompa Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, Smart PLS version 3.3, and structural equation modeling.Results: The results showed that the relationship between sexual performance and the mediating variable of sexual excitement (β=0.25, t=4.20), sexual satisfaction and the mediating variable of sexual excitement (β= 0.18, t=3.87), the relationship between sexual performance and extramarital relationships (β=0.12, t=3.17), the relationship between sexual satisfaction and extramarital relationships (β=0.20, t=3.53), and the relationship between sexual excitement and extramarital relationships (β=0.25, t=5.28) were significant.Conclusion: The results of the study showed that sexual satisfaction, sexual function, and sexual sensation seeking can predict attitudes toward marital infidelity. Therefore, it is necessary to provide this information to couples in premarital counseling so that they can discuss sexual problems with a marriage counselor and a sex therapist in couples and receive specialized counseling for treatment if needed, to prevent the tendency toward marital infidelity.
Kioumars Beshlideh; Raziyeh Abedini velamdehy; Fariba pahlevani; fatemeh alhabib; vahid sadeghi-firoozabadi
Abstract
Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the causal pattern of the relationship between personality variables and coronavirus-related health attitudes mediated by the internal locus of control and the moderating role of self-esteem in students.
Method: The sample participants comprised 150 ...
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Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the causal pattern of the relationship between personality variables and coronavirus-related health attitudes mediated by the internal locus of control and the moderating role of self-esteem in students.
Method: The sample participants comprised 150 students of varying educational levels who completed the Health Behavior, Health Attitude, Internal Locus of Control, risk-taking, self-esteem, and conscientiousness and neuroticism questionnaires online and through messaging applications (Telegram & WhatsApp). To analyze data, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to measure the fitness of the model and examine direct relationships. The mediator relationship was measured via Bootstrap, and the moderator relations were analyzed with hierarchical regression.
Results: The results showed that the model fit well with the data, and all direct relationships, except the relationship between risk-taking and health attitudes, were confirmed. The findings also confirmed the mediating role of the internal locus of control in the relationship between personality traits and health attitudes. The results further indicated the moderating role of self-esteem in the relationship between the internal locus of control and students' health attitudes. In other words, the relationship between the internal locus of control and health attitudes in students with higher self-esteem is stronger than the relationship in which students reported lower self-esteem.
Conclusion: The results also confirmed the moderating role of self-esteem in the relationship between neuroticism and students' health attitudes. In other words, the relationship between neuroticism and health attitudes in students with lower self-esteem is stronger than the relationship in which students reported higher self-esteem.
zahra khosrojerdi; shahla pakdaman
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine adolescent coronary anxiety in the relationship between character strengths and family social support.
Method: The research method was correlational and the statistical population including 156 ninth and tenth grade students were selected by non-random ...
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Objective: The aim of this study is to determine adolescent coronary anxiety in the relationship between character strengths and family social support.
Method: The research method was correlational and the statistical population including 156 ninth and tenth grade students were selected by non-random sampling method (available) from District 4 of Tehran. Students responded to the Values in Action inventory of strength Scale of Park and Peterson (2006), Perceived Social Support- Family Scale of the Procidano & Heller (1983), and the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale of Alipour, Ghadami, Alipour, and Abdollahzadeh (2020).
Results: The results of multiple regression analysis showed that the predicting of corona mental anxiety is significant with the strengths of judgement, love of learning, honesty, zest, kindness, teamwork, forgiveness, and family social support. Predicting Corona physical anxiety, creativity, love of learning, bravery, kindness, social intelligence, teamwork, humility, hope and spirituality are significant. Love for learning, honesty, forgiveness, humility, hope, spirituality, and family social support are significant in predicting overall corona anxiety (P˂ 0.05).
Conclusions: The results showed that character strengths and social support family have an effective role in reducing corona anxiety and can provide the necessary support for adolescents in stressful situations.
Nader Monir poor
Volume 1, Issue 1 , June 2018, , Pages 51-62
Abstract
Objective: Due to unpleasant consequences of depression in patients suffering from cardiac diseases, such as increase in mortality rate during the first year, especially after undergoing a surgery; this study addresses structural relationships between cognitive and behavioral variables including illness ...
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Objective: Due to unpleasant consequences of depression in patients suffering from cardiac diseases, such as increase in mortality rate during the first year, especially after undergoing a surgery; this study addresses structural relationships between cognitive and behavioral variables including illness perception and coping strategies in predicting depression after undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). Besides, one of the cognitive models for assessing psychological adaptation with chronic medical diseases was outlined for the first time. Method: The sample comprised 245 coronary patients confronted with the diagnosis for the first time, who had undergone PCI and CABG interventions. They were chosen and interviewed through convenience sampling following one month of initiating treatment process. For this purpose, Beck Depression Inventory for Primary Care (BDI-PC), Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS-21) and the short format of Disease Perception Questionnaire were administered. Data was analyzed using structural equations modeling (LISREL software). Results: findings indicated that applying emotion-focused coping strategies determined 40% of depression variance in these patients, whereas problem-focused strategies determined 4.5% of it and avoidant coping strategy didn’t have a significant role in depression. On the other hand, illness perception as a cognitive variable, could directly determine 26% of depression and 4.5% of it through emotion-focused strategies and 0.25% by means of problem-focused strategies. Also illness perception, could meaningfully determine 50% of emotion-focused coping variance, 7% of problem-focused variance and 8% of avoidance variance. Conclusion: Overall results of this study supported Leventhal’s theoretical model of self-regulation and verified the role of cognitive variables (illness perception) and behavioral ones (coping strategy) in emerging depression. Therefore it is recommended that much attention be drawn to the process of developing patient’s illness perception through personal or group trainings and if necessary, offering effective cognitive and behavioral treatments by practitioners.
Zohreh Latifi; leyle abotalebi
Abstract
Objective: The main aim of this research was to investigate the effects of quality of life therapy on increasing the coping ability with stressful situations, reducing anxiety and irrational fears in at risk workers of electricity distribution companies in Isfahan. Method: This research was of semi-experimental ...
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Objective: The main aim of this research was to investigate the effects of quality of life therapy on increasing the coping ability with stressful situations, reducing anxiety and irrational fears in at risk workers of electricity distribution companies in Isfahan. Method: This research was of semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up with the control group. Population were consisted of 250 at risk workers of Isfahan Electricity Distribution Company. Five people were randomly selected from each unit, and a total of 40 people were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in 90 minutes’ sessions of quality of life improvement training for 8 weeks, held at the New Technology Park of Isfahan Electricity Distribution company. Experimental group was compared with a waiting control group. measurement tools were consisted of Endler and Parker Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) and Mental Disorders Symptoms Checklist (SCL-90-R) that were administered on at risk workers in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up phases. Repeated measure analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. Results: Data analysis showed that the intervention sessions had a significant effect on the all scales of coping with stressful situations, anxiety and irrational fears in the experimental group in the post-test and follow-up stages. Conclusion: The results indicate that psychotherapy based on improvement of quality of life was effective on tranquility, mental health and the quality of life of at risk workers in Isfahan electricity distribution company.
Nima Moshtaghi; Masoud Dehghan; Shahla Raghib doust
Abstract
Objective: The use of cohesive devices makes discourse comprehend. However, in the discourse of Senile Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type (SDAT) patients, the lack of the use of cohesive devices hinders effective communication. The present study aims to investigate cohesion in the discourse of SDAT patients. ...
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Objective: The use of cohesive devices makes discourse comprehend. However, in the discourse of Senile Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type (SDAT) patients, the lack of the use of cohesive devices hinders effective communication. The present study aims to investigate cohesion in the discourse of SDAT patients. Understanding how these people manage their interactions may lead to suitable approaches for them.
Method: The methodology of this quantitative research was ex post facto type. The present study has been performed in one of the nursing home in Kermanshah in 2019. The statistic population of this study included 20 participants (10 with SDAT and 10 normal elderly participants (NE)) who were homogeneous in terms of age (63-75 years old), gender, illiteracy, and Kurdish language dialect (Kalhori). To determine the severity of dementia, the Clinical Dementia Rating scale (CDR) was performed. Then, the collected data through interviews were transcribed and coded. The data were analyzed based on Halliday and Hasan's theory (1976) and independent t-test was used to obtain the statistic results.
Results: The findings indicate significant differences between groups using grammatical cohesive devices, such as reference (p=0.006), conjunction (p=0.004), ellipsis (p=0.007), substitution (p=0.426), and lexical cohesive devices such as the same word (p=0.006), synonym (p=0.012), superordinate (p=0.001), general word (p=0.002), and collocation (p=0.387).
Conclusion: The results show that grammatical and lexical cohesive devices are used less in the discourse of SDAT Kurdish speakers. However, in the discourse of both SDAT and NE groups, grammatical cohesive devices have more frequency than lexical cohesive devices.
Masume Shojaei; Parvaneh Shamsipour Dehkordi; Matin Mootabadi
Volume 1, Issue 2 , December 2018, , Pages 55-64
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to compare quality of working life and memory self-efficacy beliefs in people with different circadian rhythms and physical activity levels. Materials and methods: The study took a causal-comparative method. Subjects consisted of 149 fixed and rotating shift ...
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Background: This study aimed to compare quality of working life and memory self-efficacy beliefs in people with different circadian rhythms and physical activity levels. Materials and methods: The study took a causal-comparative method. Subjects consisted of 149 fixed and rotating shift employees, working in health enters and hospitals that were participated based on inclusion criteria. The subjects completed demographic, international physical activity, quality of working life and memory self-efficacy questionnaires. All data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test. Result:The results show that the quality of working life and memory self-efficacy are different in fixed and rotating shift employees at three levels of high, medium and low physical activity. Employees with fixed shift and high and medium physical activity level have higher quality of working life and memory self-efficacy than other employees. Moreover, quality of work life of fixed shift employees with medium and low physical activity is better than quality of working life of rotating shift employees with medium and low physical activity, and quality of working life of rotating shift employees with high physical activity levels were significantly better than quality of working life of rotating shift employees with medium and low levels of physical activity (PConclusion: Choosing active lifestyle is recommended to fixed and rotating hospital employees in order to avoid reduction of quality of working life and memory self-efficacy.
Majid Saffarinia; Hossein Zare; Mina Moghtaderi
Abstract
Background and purpose: The emergence of chronic diseases, such as Parkinson, seriously damages the patients’ psychological health besides their physical health. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of the package of hope therapy based on positivist ...
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Background and purpose: The emergence of chronic diseases, such as Parkinson, seriously damages the patients’ psychological health besides their physical health. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of the package of hope therapy based on positivist approach on life quality and psychological wellbeing of patients with Parkinson. Method: The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control group and two-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the present study included the people with Parkinson in the city of Isfahan in the winter of 2018-19. The participants of study were 40 patients with Parkinson who were selected through non-random available sampling. The selected samples were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups (20 patients in the experimental group and 20 in the control group). The experimental group received training intervention of hope therapy based on positivist approach in ten ninety-minute sessions for three months. The applied questionnaires in this study included the questionnaires of life quality (WHO, 1994) and psychological wellbeing (Ryff, 1980). The data from the study were analyzed through repeated measurement ANOVA. Results: The results showed that the training package of hope therapy based on positivist approach has significant effect on life quality and psychological wellbeing of Parkinson patients (f= 83.83, f= 117.68, p<0.001). The score of the effect of training hope therapy based on positivist approach on life quality and psychological wellbeing of Parkinson patients were 77 and 83 respectively. Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that training package of hope therapy based on positivist approach can lead to the improvement of life quality and psychological wellbeing of Parkinson patients due to enjoying the methods of hope therapy and positivist psychotherapy.
amin rafiepoor; Majid Saffarinia; Nasrin Hosseini
Abstract
Objective: The present study determined the fit of hope model based on spiritual health, body image, family support, and health locus of control mediated by social comparison in patients with postoperative breast cancer.
Method: The sample of the study included 400 women selected using the purposive ...
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Objective: The present study determined the fit of hope model based on spiritual health, body image, family support, and health locus of control mediated by social comparison in patients with postoperative breast cancer.
Method: The sample of the study included 400 women selected using the purposive sampling method from patients with breast cancer who after surgery referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran in the spring and summer of 2021. Data collection tools included Gibbons and Buunk's Social Comparison Orientation Scale (1993), Khodapnahi et al.'s Social Support Questionnaire (2009), Schneider Hope Scale (1991), Paloutzian and Ellison's Spiritual Well-Being Scale (1982), Cash, Winstead, and Janda's Body Image Questionnaire (1985), and Wallston et al.'s multidimensional Health Locus of control scales (1978).
Results: The hope model based on spiritual health, body image, family support, and health locus of control mediated by social comparison in postoperative breast cancer patients had a good fit. Also, spiritual health (r = 0.48), body image (r = 0.46), family support (r = 0.37), and health locus of control (r = 0.23) had a direct correlation and indirect effect on the variable of hope mediated by social comparisons.
Conclusion: In order to increase the hope as the inner force needed to fight breast cancer, we can improve the quality of spiritual health, positive body image, family support, source of health control, and social comparison.
Psychological aspects in health and diseases
mahnaz moghanloo
Abstract
Objective: Some factors, such as personality type, coping styles, and psychological capital, have an effect on the resilience of women with breast cancer. The purpose of the study is to investigate the structural relationship of these factors with each other.
Method: The subjects of this study were ...
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Objective: Some factors, such as personality type, coping styles, and psychological capital, have an effect on the resilience of women with breast cancer. The purpose of the study is to investigate the structural relationship of these factors with each other.
Method: The subjects of this study were 231 women (20-55 years old) diagnosed with breast cancer and treated at the breast cancer department of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran in 2022-2023. The Tebachnik and Fidel's formula (2007) was used to estimate the sample size. Psychological resilience (Connor & Davidson, 2003), NEO-PI personality questionnaire (Costa & McCrae, 1992), and coping strategies questionnaire (Endler & Parker, 1990) were used to measure the research variables.
Results Therefore, five personality factors can lead to an increase in resilience through coping strategies and psychological capital. In addition, the path coefficients of the two-way relationship of the variables showed that 44% of the changes in resilience were influenced by personality, 97% of the changes in coping strategies were influenced by personality, 91% of the changes in psychological capital were influenced by personality and 20% of the changes in resilience were influenced by personality. The effect of coping strategies and 36% of the changes in resilience showed the effect of psychological capital.
Conclusion: One of the determining factors of resilience in a chronic disease such as breast cancer is the role of personality traits, which is influenced by positive psychological variables such as coping strategies and psychological capital of the patient
Parisa Pakseresht; Afshin Salahian; Maryam Mohammadi; mahshid mohammadi
Abstract
Personality disorders can play a significant role in creating and perpetuating sexual function problems in women. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between personality patterns and types of female orgasms. The method of the present study was correlational, and ...
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Personality disorders can play a significant role in creating and perpetuating sexual function problems in women. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between personality patterns and types of female orgasms. The method of the present study was correlational, and a sample of 400 women in Tehran was selected by convenience sampling method. Tests used to collect data were Millon 3 questionnaires (MCMI-III), Women's Sexual Function Questionnaire (FSFI), and Orgasm Scale Assessment (ORS). According to the results, the highest disorder was related to the satisfaction subscale, and the lowest percentage of the research sample was in the orgasm subscale (25.9%) in the subscales of desire, arousal, humidity, and pain, respectively. The percentage of the research sample was 31, 32, 26.3, and 31.4%. According to the results, the narcissism and negativity subscales had a significant relationship with the types of orgasm (P <0.05) and the other subscales had no significant relationship. According to the results of logistic regression, avoidance, sadism, and borderline subscales were able to predict the types of orgasms and the coefficients of other paths in the regression model did not have significant coefficients (P <0.05).
heman mahmoudfakhe; kazhal Abbasi
Abstract
Objective: The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of group logotherapy on psychological distress and belief in a just world in M.S patients.Method: This is a quasi-experimental study with a control and an experimental group. The study population consisted of 583 members of the ...
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Objective: The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of group logotherapy on psychological distress and belief in a just world in M.S patients.Method: This is a quasi-experimental study with a control and an experimental group. The study population consisted of 583 members of the MS Society of Iran located in Ilam City in 2021 who were selected through the convenience sampling method. According to this research method, the number of samples was 30 (15 people for each group) selected by the Iranian MS Society through the introduction of the members of the association. To measure the variables, Kessler's Psychological Distress Assessment Questionnaire (K10) and the Fair World Belief Questionnaire were used by Sutton & Douglas (2005), Dalbert (1999), and Dalbert et al. (2001). The therapeutic intervention in this study was a group logotherapy package for MS patients, and treatment sessions (based on Mohammadi, E-Fard, &Heidari's dual therapy package, 2019). Spss24 software and Covariance or ANCOVA test were used to analyze the data.Results: This study showed a noteworthy contrast between the experimental and control groups in terms of psychological distress and belief in a just world at the level of 0.05. Subsequently, two primary theories of affirmation and zero suspicion were rejected.Conclusion: It was found that group logotherapy is compelling to mental trouble and belief in a just world in MS patients. Therefore, this treatment method can be useful in clinics.
Ameneh Sepehrian; Babollah Bakhshipour joybari
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to predict marital satisfaction based on health anxiety and self-efficacy withthe mediation role of mindfulness in women with multiple sclerosis.
Method: The present research method was descriptive-correlational using structural equation modeling (pathanalysis). ...
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Objective: The purpose of this study was to predict marital satisfaction based on health anxiety and self-efficacy withthe mediation role of mindfulness in women with multiple sclerosis.
Method: The present research method was descriptive-correlational using structural equation modeling (pathanalysis). The statistical population included 14899 married women with diplomas and higher education who weremembers of the Tehran MS Association in 2021. Using the Cochran formula, 342 women were selected as researchsamples through convenience sampling. All participants responded to four questionnaires, including Olson et al.’sMarital Satisfaction, Salkovskis et al.’s Health Anxiety, Schwarzer and Jerusalem’s Self-efficacy, and Baer et al.’sMindfulness questionnaires.
Results: The results showed the direct effect of marital satisfaction through self-efficacy and health anxiety wassignificant (P<0/05). Also, the indirect effect of marital satisfaction through mindfulness was significant (P<0/05).
Conclusion: According to the results, mindfulness plays a mediating role in the relationship between health anxiety,self-efficacy, and marital satisfaction.
