Zohreh Latifi; leyle abotalebi
Abstract
Objective: The main aim of this research was to investigate the effects of quality of life therapy on increasing the coping ability with stressful situations, reducing anxiety and irrational fears in at risk workers of electricity distribution companies in Isfahan. Method: This research was of semi-experimental ...
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Objective: The main aim of this research was to investigate the effects of quality of life therapy on increasing the coping ability with stressful situations, reducing anxiety and irrational fears in at risk workers of electricity distribution companies in Isfahan. Method: This research was of semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up with the control group. Population were consisted of 250 at risk workers of Isfahan Electricity Distribution Company. Five people were randomly selected from each unit, and a total of 40 people were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in 90 minutes’ sessions of quality of life improvement training for 8 weeks, held at the New Technology Park of Isfahan Electricity Distribution company. Experimental group was compared with a waiting control group. measurement tools were consisted of Endler and Parker Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) and Mental Disorders Symptoms Checklist (SCL-90-R) that were administered on at risk workers in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up phases. Repeated measure analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. Results: Data analysis showed that the intervention sessions had a significant effect on the all scales of coping with stressful situations, anxiety and irrational fears in the experimental group in the post-test and follow-up stages. Conclusion: The results indicate that psychotherapy based on improvement of quality of life was effective on tranquility, mental health and the quality of life of at risk workers in Isfahan electricity distribution company.
Nima Moshtaghi; Masoud Dehghan; Shahla Raghib doust
Abstract
Objective: The use of cohesive devices makes discourse comprehend. However, in the discourse of Senile Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type (SDAT) patients, the lack of the use of cohesive devices hinders effective communication. The present study aims to investigate cohesion in the discourse of SDAT patients. ...
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Objective: The use of cohesive devices makes discourse comprehend. However, in the discourse of Senile Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type (SDAT) patients, the lack of the use of cohesive devices hinders effective communication. The present study aims to investigate cohesion in the discourse of SDAT patients. Understanding how these people manage their interactions may lead to suitable approaches for them.
Method: The methodology of this quantitative research was ex post facto type. The present study has been performed in one of the nursing home in Kermanshah in 2019. The statistic population of this study included 20 participants (10 with SDAT and 10 normal elderly participants (NE)) who were homogeneous in terms of age (63-75 years old), gender, illiteracy, and Kurdish language dialect (Kalhori). To determine the severity of dementia, the Clinical Dementia Rating scale (CDR) was performed. Then, the collected data through interviews were transcribed and coded. The data were analyzed based on Halliday and Hasan's theory (1976) and independent t-test was used to obtain the statistic results.
Results: The findings indicate significant differences between groups using grammatical cohesive devices, such as reference (p=0.006), conjunction (p=0.004), ellipsis (p=0.007), substitution (p=0.426), and lexical cohesive devices such as the same word (p=0.006), synonym (p=0.012), superordinate (p=0.001), general word (p=0.002), and collocation (p=0.387).
Conclusion: The results show that grammatical and lexical cohesive devices are used less in the discourse of SDAT Kurdish speakers. However, in the discourse of both SDAT and NE groups, grammatical cohesive devices have more frequency than lexical cohesive devices.
Masume Shojaei; Parvaneh Shamsipour Dehkordi; Matin Mootabadi
Volume 1, Issue 2 , December 2018, , Pages 55-64
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to compare quality of working life and memory self-efficacy beliefs in people with different circadian rhythms and physical activity levels. Materials and methods: The study took a causal-comparative method. Subjects consisted of 149 fixed and rotating shift ...
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Background: This study aimed to compare quality of working life and memory self-efficacy beliefs in people with different circadian rhythms and physical activity levels. Materials and methods: The study took a causal-comparative method. Subjects consisted of 149 fixed and rotating shift employees, working in health enters and hospitals that were participated based on inclusion criteria. The subjects completed demographic, international physical activity, quality of working life and memory self-efficacy questionnaires. All data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test. Result:The results show that the quality of working life and memory self-efficacy are different in fixed and rotating shift employees at three levels of high, medium and low physical activity. Employees with fixed shift and high and medium physical activity level have higher quality of working life and memory self-efficacy than other employees. Moreover, quality of work life of fixed shift employees with medium and low physical activity is better than quality of working life of rotating shift employees with medium and low physical activity, and quality of working life of rotating shift employees with high physical activity levels were significantly better than quality of working life of rotating shift employees with medium and low levels of physical activity (PConclusion: Choosing active lifestyle is recommended to fixed and rotating hospital employees in order to avoid reduction of quality of working life and memory self-efficacy.
Majid Saffarinia; Hossein Zare; Mina Moghtaderi
Abstract
Background and purpose: The emergence of chronic diseases, such as Parkinson, seriously damages the patients’ psychological health besides their physical health. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of the package of hope therapy based on positivist ...
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Background and purpose: The emergence of chronic diseases, such as Parkinson, seriously damages the patients’ psychological health besides their physical health. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of the package of hope therapy based on positivist approach on life quality and psychological wellbeing of patients with Parkinson. Method: The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control group and two-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the present study included the people with Parkinson in the city of Isfahan in the winter of 2018-19. The participants of study were 40 patients with Parkinson who were selected through non-random available sampling. The selected samples were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups (20 patients in the experimental group and 20 in the control group). The experimental group received training intervention of hope therapy based on positivist approach in ten ninety-minute sessions for three months. The applied questionnaires in this study included the questionnaires of life quality (WHO, 1994) and psychological wellbeing (Ryff, 1980). The data from the study were analyzed through repeated measurement ANOVA. Results: The results showed that the training package of hope therapy based on positivist approach has significant effect on life quality and psychological wellbeing of Parkinson patients (f= 83.83, f= 117.68, p<0.001). The score of the effect of training hope therapy based on positivist approach on life quality and psychological wellbeing of Parkinson patients were 77 and 83 respectively. Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that training package of hope therapy based on positivist approach can lead to the improvement of life quality and psychological wellbeing of Parkinson patients due to enjoying the methods of hope therapy and positivist psychotherapy.
amin rafiepoor; Majid Saffarinia; Nasrin Hosseini
Abstract
Objective: The present study determined the fit of hope model based on spiritual health, body image, family support, and health locus of control mediated by social comparison in patients with postoperative breast cancer.
Method: The sample of the study included 400 women selected using the purposive ...
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Objective: The present study determined the fit of hope model based on spiritual health, body image, family support, and health locus of control mediated by social comparison in patients with postoperative breast cancer.
Method: The sample of the study included 400 women selected using the purposive sampling method from patients with breast cancer who after surgery referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran in the spring and summer of 2021. Data collection tools included Gibbons and Buunk's Social Comparison Orientation Scale (1993), Khodapnahi et al.'s Social Support Questionnaire (2009), Schneider Hope Scale (1991), Paloutzian and Ellison's Spiritual Well-Being Scale (1982), Cash, Winstead, and Janda's Body Image Questionnaire (1985), and Wallston et al.'s multidimensional Health Locus of control scales (1978).
Results: The hope model based on spiritual health, body image, family support, and health locus of control mediated by social comparison in postoperative breast cancer patients had a good fit. Also, spiritual health (r = 0.48), body image (r = 0.46), family support (r = 0.37), and health locus of control (r = 0.23) had a direct correlation and indirect effect on the variable of hope mediated by social comparisons.
Conclusion: In order to increase the hope as the inner force needed to fight breast cancer, we can improve the quality of spiritual health, positive body image, family support, source of health control, and social comparison.
heman mahmoudfakhe; kazhal Abbasi
Abstract
Objective: The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of group logotherapy on psychological distress and belief in a just world in M.S patients.Method: This is a quasi-experimental study with a control and an experimental group. The study population consisted of 583 members of the ...
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Objective: The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of group logotherapy on psychological distress and belief in a just world in M.S patients.Method: This is a quasi-experimental study with a control and an experimental group. The study population consisted of 583 members of the MS Society of Iran located in Ilam City in 2021 who were selected through the convenience sampling method. According to this research method, the number of samples was 30 (15 people for each group) selected by the Iranian MS Society through the introduction of the members of the association. To measure the variables, Kessler's Psychological Distress Assessment Questionnaire (K10) and the Fair World Belief Questionnaire were used by Sutton & Douglas (2005), Dalbert (1999), and Dalbert et al. (2001). The therapeutic intervention in this study was a group logotherapy package for MS patients, and treatment sessions (based on Mohammadi, E-Fard, &Heidari's dual therapy package, 2019). Spss24 software and Covariance or ANCOVA test were used to analyze the data.Results: This study showed a noteworthy contrast between the experimental and control groups in terms of psychological distress and belief in a just world at the level of 0.05. Subsequently, two primary theories of affirmation and zero suspicion were rejected.Conclusion: It was found that group logotherapy is compelling to mental trouble and belief in a just world in MS patients. Therefore, this treatment method can be useful in clinics.
fatemeh Soleimani Nameghi; Hasan Abdollahzadeh; Javanshir Asadi
Abstract
Objective: Cancer is one of the most essential health issues in the world and Iran which is usually associated with significant clinical and psychological discomfort in the optimal use of coping strategies. Therefore، the purpose of the present study was to analyze a structural model of medication adherence ...
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Objective: Cancer is one of the most essential health issues in the world and Iran which is usually associated with significant clinical and psychological discomfort in the optimal use of coping strategies. Therefore، the purpose of the present study was to analyze a structural model of medication adherence based on health anxiety, positive meta-emotion, and pain self-efficacy mediated by health locus of control in men with cancer.Method: The research was descriptive-correlational using structural equation modeling to test the relationships between the variables. The statistical population was men with gastrointestinal cancer in Golestan province referred to Shafi Hyrkan Cancer Patients Support Center. According to, 227 people were selected through targeted sampling. The research instruments included the Salkowski and Warwick Health Anxiety Inventory, Beer and Moneta Positive Metacognitions and Positive Meta-Emotions Questionnaire, Nicholas Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, Morisky, Ang, and Wood's Medication Adherence Questionnaire, and Wallston's Health Control Source Inventory. Data analysis was performed in LISREL software version 8.71.Results: The results showed that health anxiety, internal health locus of control, and positive meta-emotion had a positive effect (P <0.005) and pain self-efficacy had a negative and significant effect on medication adherence (P <0.001). The source of internal health locus of control mediated the effect of pain self-efficacy and positive meta-emotion mediated the medication adherence positively and significantly (P <0.005).Conclusion: Health anxiety, positive meta-emotion, and pain self-efficacy are correlated with medication adherence and affect medication adherence mediated by health locus of control.
Payam Varaee; Roghayeh Taghipoor; Ferdous kazemi delivand; Najmeh Darroudi
Abstract
Objective:The purpose of this study was to compare the methods of coping with coronavirus anxiety and the mental health of female athletes aged 30-50 years participating in aerobics and non-athletes in Tehran.
Method:This study was descriptive and causal-comparative. The study's statistical population ...
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Objective:The purpose of this study was to compare the methods of coping with coronavirus anxiety and the mental health of female athletes aged 30-50 years participating in aerobics and non-athletes in Tehran.
Method:This study was descriptive and causal-comparative. The study's statistical population consisted of all female athletes aged 30 to 50 years in the field of aerobics and non-athletes in Tehran in the year 2021-2022. In this study, 50 female athletes from Tehran's 2nd district were selected through a voluntary sampling, while 50 non-athletic women voluntarily participated. Data were collected using the 12-GHQ Mental Health Scale (Goldberg & Williams, 1988) and the Stress Coping Styles Scale (Endler & Parker, 1990). Data analysis was performed using SPSS24 software, employing multivariate statistical analysis of variance.
Results:The research findings indicate a significant difference in coping styles between athlete and non-athlete females. Specifically, the score for problem-oriented coping style in female athletes was higher than non-athletes (P<0.05). The score for emotion-oriented coping style was also higher in female athletes compared to non-athletic women (P<0.05). However, the score for avoidance coping style in female athletes was lower than in non-athletic women (P<0.05). Regarding mental health, the average score for mental health in female aerobics participants was lower than that in non-athletes (P<0.05). A lower score in mental health is considered indicative of better mental health. Therefore, it can be concluded that female athletes have better mental health compared to non-athletic females.
Conclusion:The study's results suggest that female athletes and non-athletes have different coping styles when dealing with coronavirus anxiety. Female athletes tend to employ problem-oriented and emotion-oriented coping styles more frequently, while non-athletes are inclined toward avoidance coping styles. Furthermore, female athletes demonstrate better mental health than their non-athletic counterparts.
ata tehranchi; mahsa mahmoodi
Abstract
Objective: Previous research has shown that health engagement accounts for a substantial variance in positive attitudes about the COVID-19 vaccine in public. However, these studies are hardly able to explain intrapersonal characteristics. Thus, we examined the moderating effect of four character strengths ...
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Objective: Previous research has shown that health engagement accounts for a substantial variance in positive attitudes about the COVID-19 vaccine in public. However, these studies are hardly able to explain intrapersonal characteristics. Thus, we examined the moderating effect of four character strengths (kindness, critical thinking, fairness, and prudence) in the relation between health engagement and positive attitudes to the COVID-19 vaccine.
Method: The population consisted of all university students living in Mashhad. A sample of 600 individuals was recruited through convenience sampling. The participants completed a battery of questionnaires including a health engagement questionnaire, Values in Action-Inventory of Strengths, and attitudes towards vaccination questionnaire during the COVID-19 pandemic. A hierarchical regression model and slope analysis were used to examine the moderation effect.
Results: The findings indicated a positive and significant correlation between health engagement and a positive attitude towards vaccination (r=.23; p<.01). The character strengths were significantly and positively associated with health engagement (r=.18; p<.01), and a positive attitude toward vaccination (r=.30; p<.01). Moreover, the moderating effect of character strengths on the relationship between health engagement and a positive attitude towards vaccination was significant (t=-4.08; p<.001).
Conclusion: Therefore, the character strengths could moderate the effect of health engagement on a positive attitude towards vaccination. It can be concluded that character strengths have a moderating effect on making health-related decisions in stressful conditions such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
laleh shams yousefi; farahnaz meschi; sheida sodagar; Zohreh Rafezi; mohammadreza seirafi
Abstract
Objective: Being overweight and obese in adolescence is associated with severe health effects during their lifetime, the purpose of this study was to explain the mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship between family cohesion, stress, and quality of life with body mass index in adolescent ...
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Objective: Being overweight and obese in adolescence is associated with severe health effects during their lifetime, the purpose of this study was to explain the mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship between family cohesion, stress, and quality of life with body mass index in adolescent girls.
Method: The current research was descriptive-multiple linear regression from among the statistical population of the research, 250 teenage girls were selected as the research sample using a multi-stage cluster sampling method, and finally, after dropping 50 people from the sample group, the data of 200 of them were analyzed. The tools of data collection included the Samani Family Cohesion Questionnaires (2001), Byrne and Mazano Stress (2002) Scale, the World Health Organization Quality of Life (1996) questionnaire, and the NAF Self-compassion (2003) inventory. For data analysis, structural equation modeling was performed using SPSS26 and AMOS24 software.
Results: The results showed that the model of body mass index based on the quality of life, family cohesion, and stress with the mediating role of self-compassion is a good fit. It also indicated that family cohesion, stress, and quality of life did not predict body mass index in adolescent girls, but the quality of life predicted body mass index in adolescent girls.
Conclusion: It seems that self-compassion plays a mediating role in the relationship of body mass index with family cohesion, stress, and quality of life in adolescent girls.
Parisa Homayounpour; mohammadreza seirafi; Sahar Ghareh
Abstract
Objective: Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) was originally developed to treat individuals with pervasive emotion dysregulation. Then it developed its approach in other disorders such as obesity. This research aims to found out the efficacy of DBT in the reduction of negative emotions (anxiety, depression, ...
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Objective: Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) was originally developed to treat individuals with pervasive emotion dysregulation. Then it developed its approach in other disorders such as obesity. This research aims to found out the efficacy of DBT in the reduction of negative emotions (anxiety, depression, and anger) with weight loss in obese women with different reasons for obesity.Methods: The population of this quasi-experimental study consisted of 56 obese women with a body mass index more than 29.9 kg/m2. Descriptive statistics were computed for demographic information and self-report questionnaire. Anger, anxiety, and depression are three subscales of feelings that were tested by the 25 items of Emotional Eating Scale that was developed by Arnow, Kenardy and Agras in 1994.Results: The results demonstrated that negative emotions such as anger, anxiety, and depression, significantly (ρ-value<0.001) decrease in obese women by weight loss during the time. Mixed-effect modeling ANOVA repeated measurements were performed to study changes in variables over time.Conclusions: The results of the present study show that DBT-skills can be effective in decreasing emotion dysregulations and Body Mass Index (BMI).
Marzieh Pahlevan; Mohammad Ali Besharat; Ahmad Borjali; Morteza Naghipoor
Abstract
Objective: Both of the defense mechanisms of ego and depression, affects the intensity of the pain in the patient with chronic pain. The present study investigates the mediating role of depression in the relationship between immature ego defenses and perceived pain intensity in patients with chronic ...
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Objective: Both of the defense mechanisms of ego and depression, affects the intensity of the pain in the patient with chronic pain. The present study investigates the mediating role of depression in the relationship between immature ego defenses and perceived pain intensity in patients with chronic pain. Method: Research was conducted on 503 patients with chronic pain who were referred to pain centers in Tehran. Participants were asked to answer Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for perceived pain intensity, Defense Styles Questionnaire (DSQ-40), and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS). Results: The results indicated that depression plays a mediating role in the relationship between immature ego defenses and perceived pain intensity in patients with chronic pain. Conclusion: the relationship between immature ego defenses and the perceived pain intensity is not a simple linear one, but is mediated by depression. So, depression has an important role in Transforming of defense mechanisms to the pain.
Sayed Mostafa Abdollahi; Amin Rafiepoor; Mehrdad Sabet
Abstract
Objective: Considering the possible role of psychological factors in the process of cardiovascular disease and also the fact that these factors interact with biological agents to produce effects on cardiovascular disease, the present study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment ...
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Objective: Considering the possible role of psychological factors in the process of cardiovascular disease and also the fact that these factors interact with biological agents to produce effects on cardiovascular disease, the present study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on mental health, hopefulness and meaningfulness in people with cardiovascular disease.
Method: The present study was a semi-experimental research with pre-test, post-test and control group. The study population included all cardiovascular patients who were referred to Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center in January to March 2017, and had a history of myocardial infarction or open heart surgery in the last month. Among them, 30 patients were selected to participate in the study. The subjects were randomly assigned into the experimental and control groups. Data were obtained using Snyder Hope Questionnaire, Meaning-seeking Questionnaire, and General Health Questionnaire, which were analyzed by repeated measure ANOVA and SPSS 22.
Results: The results indicate that there is a significant difference between the mean scores of acceptance and commitment therapy and control group on physical symptoms (F=355.21, P<0.0001), anxiety (F=183.51, P<0.0001), social functional dysfunction (F=77.42, P<0.0001), depression (F=233.32, P<0.0001), hopefulness (F=28.59, P<0.0001) and meaningfulness (F=134.92, P<0.0001) in people with cardiovascular disease.
Conclusion: In acceptance and commitment therapy, accepting the psychological inflexibility and avoiding the acceptance of annoying feelings and thoughts, leads to the strengthening of these feelings and their further thoughts. In this approach, patients are helped to focus on the present time and identifying their values instead of living in the past and future, and to act in accordance with their values and goals, even in spite of existing annoying thoughts and feelings.
Hooman Namvar; Mohammad Ali Sahraian
Volume 1, Issue 1 , June 2018, , Pages 63-78
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study is to create a conceptual empirical model and develop a causal model that is able to explain overall performance of MS patients’ families and provide a scientific and empirical basis to Iranian culture to identify the psychological indexes of hardiness, hope, ...
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Objective: The purpose of this study is to create a conceptual empirical model and develop a causal model that is able to explain overall performance of MS patients’ families and provide a scientific and empirical basis to Iranian culture to identify the psychological indexes of hardiness, hope, and resiliency, as well as the mediator role of moralfoundations and spiritual experiences involved in family overall performances among patients’ spouses.For this purpose, using non-random sampling method, 220 subjects were selected out of all patients with MS and their spouses in two cities of Tehran and Karaj in 2014-2015. They completed the questionnaires of Family Assessment Device, Hardiness Scale (Kobasa, 1990), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Snyder Hope Scale, Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale, and Moral Foundations Questionnaire (Hythe & Graham, 2007) personally and non- personally. In order to analyze the data, common methods of descriptive statistics, structural equations, path analysis, and multiple regression were used and the data were analyzed using the software packages of SPSS and LISREL. The results showed that hope was determined as the variable that predicts family overall performance with a good effect coefficient. The other important finding about the model was that the path from the mediator variable of spiritual experiences towards family overall performance was not direct, that is spiritual experience was effective on moralfoundations and moral foundations in turn was the most effective path to family overall performance.
Sareh Behzadipour; Alireza Sadeghi; Mojgan Sepahmansour
Volume 1, Issue 2 , December 2018, , Pages 65-72
Abstract
Background: Gratitude is a general state of thankfulness and appreciation. The majority of empirical studies indicate that there is an association between gratitude and a sense of overall well being..Currently, mental health is especially important in some occupations with harsh work conditions ...
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Background: Gratitude is a general state of thankfulness and appreciation. The majority of empirical studies indicate that there is an association between gratitude and a sense of overall well being..Currently, mental health is especially important in some occupations with harsh work conditions which require strong personal and mental capacities. Psychological well-being and happiness is especially important in personnel working in the healthcare sector. This study aimed to assess whether gratitude training affects psychological well-being and happiness in hospital personnel. Method: In this semi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test, 72 personnel working in 5 hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, participated. The participants were randomly divided into intervention and control groups using block randomization. Then, the participants in the intervention group were given 10 group sessions of 90 minutes gratitude training. Ryff’s Scale of Psychological Well Being, Subjective Happiness Scale, Gratitude Questionnaire-6, and a Gratitude training package were used for data collection. Results: The results show that there is no significant difference in the mean scores of psychological well-being, domains of psychological well-being, and happiness between the two groups at baseline, and gratitude training significantly affected all domains of psychological well-being (except for autonomy) and happiness. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that Gratitude training is effective in enhancing psychological well-being and Happiness.
sara farahbakhshbeh; Seyyed Abolqasem Mehri Nejad; Ameneh moazedian
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to predict self-efficacy of women with breast cancer based on quality of life, religious orientation, resilience, death anxiety, psychological hardiness and perceived social support. The research method was descriptive and regression type. The statistical population ...
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The purpose of the present study was to predict self-efficacy of women with breast cancer based on quality of life, religious orientation, resilience, death anxiety, psychological hardiness and perceived social support. The research method was descriptive and regression type. The statistical population in this study included all patients with breast cancer referring to Cancer Institute of Imam Khomeini and Milad hospitals in Tehran in 2018. Purposeful sampling method was used to select the sample. In this way, 300 patients with breast cancer patients were selected based on the criteria for entering and leaving the research. The research tool was a general self-efficacy questionnaire of Sherer et al. (1982), multi-dimensional perceived social support questionnaire (Zimt et al., 1989), Allport Religious Orientation (1967), Kobasa Psychological Hardiness Questionnaire (1979), Templar's Death Anxiety Scale (1970) ), The Conor-Davidson Resilience Questionnaire (2003) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (1996). Regression analysis was used to analyze the data. The results of data analysis showed that factors of quality of life, religious orientation, resilience, death anxiety, psychological hardiness and perceived social support have 21% ability to predict self-efficacy. The factors of quality of life, resilience, psychological hardiness and social support with self-efficacy are positive at 5% confidence level, and the positivity of these coefficients actually indicates that increasing these factors increases self-efficacy (p <0.05). Death anxiety also has a significant negative correlation with self-efficacy (p <0.05).
Mahbobeh Abbasi-Qomi; Hassan Haidari; Mojtaba Mohammadi Jalali
Abstract
Objectives: Though research findings have revealed that body image is associated with several mental, psychological, and behavioral deficiencies in life, the effect of this construct on variables of marital quality of conflicting couples has been rarely investigated.
Method: the current research was ...
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Objectives: Though research findings have revealed that body image is associated with several mental, psychological, and behavioral deficiencies in life, the effect of this construct on variables of marital quality of conflicting couples has been rarely investigated.
Method: the current research was an attempt to investigate the relationship between body image disturbance (BID) and two of its related sub-constructs, i.e. perceived partner’s ideal beauty (PPIB) and actual partners rating (APR) with sexual self-esteem (SEE) and quality of marital relationship (QMR). To this aim, 73 conflicting couples were selected through convenience and purpose sampling methods from a population referred to a counseling center in Qom. These participants were administered appropriate scales on different variables. The data were collected and analyzed through SPSS.
Results: The results of Pearson’s correlation revealed a strong negative correlation between the BID and the SEE, which was statistically significant (r = -.897, n = 73, p = .000). Also, a multiple regression analysis showed that both PPIB and APR statistically significantly predicted SSE, F (2, 70 = 145.927, p < .0005, R2= 0.807 and QMR, F (2, 70) = 97.758, p < .0005. R2= 0.736.
Conclusion: It was concluded that despite a meager difference between husbands’ and wives’ views about body image, this variable and the two sub-constructs associated with it correlated with SEE and served as statistically significant predictors of SEE and QMR. These findings have implications for psychologists, psychotherapists, and counselors.
Talieh Asaollahi; mahdieh salehi; farhad jomehri; sadegh Taghilou
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between stress, mindfulness, and binge eating in obese people with mediating role of experiential avoidance. Method: The current research was of quantitative type with correlational method. The statistical population included all overweight and obese ...
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Aim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between stress, mindfulness, and binge eating in obese people with mediating role of experiential avoidance. Method: The current research was of quantitative type with correlational method. The statistical population included all overweight and obese people in the city of Karaj in 2019, and 414 people were selected as research samples through convenience sampling method. Data were collected by calculating participants' body mass index, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (Bond et al,2011), Harry's stress questionnaire (2005), five-factor mindfulness questionnaire (Baer et al,2004), and binge eating scale (Gormally et al,1982). Collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling in Amos software. Results: Stress and mindfulness are known variables in clinical interventions for people with binge eating problems but choosing the strategic and practical variable of experimental avoidance as a mediator between these categories and overeating confirmed these variables' theoretical and practical value. This research highlighted the role of experiential avoidance as a powerful and effective variable in the outcome of individual and social measures in the management and planning to correct overeating behavior in obese people.
Mohammad Taghi Kheirkhah; Hamze Moazzen; Zahra Mirchi; Atefeh Nezamolslami; Moslm Kord; Mehran Mokarami; Shahriar Gharibzadeh; Majid Saffarinia
Abstract
Objective: Capture of attention occurs when a goal-irrelevant salient stimulus appears in the field of attention. The COVID-19 pandemic seems to be salient enough to capture a great proportion of one’s attention resources. The purpose of this study was to explore how the novelty of outbreak news ...
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Objective: Capture of attention occurs when a goal-irrelevant salient stimulus appears in the field of attention. The COVID-19 pandemic seems to be salient enough to capture a great proportion of one’s attention resources. The purpose of this study was to explore how the novelty of outbreak news affects attention in everyday life.Methods: 162 participants were recruited using an online invitation and divided into two samples (early and late sections). The research variables were the salience of news, intrusive thoughts, endogenous attention, and knowledge of COVID-19, which were examined and compared between the two measurements using one-way MANOVA. Additionally, a correlation analysis was performed to reveal a model of relationships between variables.Results: It was found that despite the increase in infected cases, intrusive thoughts and attentional capture decreased over time. To describe the relationship between the salience of news and attentional capture a conceptual model was presented.Conclusion: In addition to the other physical properties of a stimulus, novelty also contributes to stimulus salience. In everyday life, novel situations can trigger intrusive thoughts and attentional capture. Nonetheless, it cannot be sustained after the novelty has worn off. The proposed model can be useful to understand further similar situations.
Arezou asghari; parvin rafieinia
Abstract
Objective: Eating disorders are one of the most problematic psychological issues that are highly associated with mental health disorders such as anxiety and mood disorders, substance abuse disorders, and personality disorders.
Objectives: This study aimed to identify the canonical analysis of relationships ...
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Objective: Eating disorders are one of the most problematic psychological issues that are highly associated with mental health disorders such as anxiety and mood disorders, substance abuse disorders, and personality disorders.
Objectives: This study aimed to identify the canonical analysis of relationships between coping strategies and parental bonding with eating disorders in students.
Methods: The method of the present study was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included all female undergraduate students of Kosar University of Bojnord in the academic year 2019. The research sample consisted of 250 students who were selected by convenience sampling from all female students of Kosar University of Bojnord. To collect data, the eating attitude test (EAT-26, 1982), coping with stressful situation questionnaire (CISS, 1994), and parent bonding instrument (PBI, 1979) were used. The collected data were analyzed using canonical correlation.
Results: The Results showed that components of parental banding, care (0.43, 0.42, and 0.43), and overprotection (0.39, 0.29, and 0.22) were positively related to eating disorders subscales (P<0.01); additionally, from coping strategies’ components emotion-oriented (0.12, 0.14, and 0.14) and avoidance-oriented coping (0.24, 0.22, and 0.16) had positive significant relationship with eating disorders (P<0.05). Canonical correlation also indicated the predictive role of parental bonding on eating disorders (P<0.001).
Conclusion: It can be concluded that teaching adaptive coping strategies and parental involvement in treatment interventions can prevent and reduce eating disorders in students.
sajjad basharpoor; farima anbari; nastaran mohajeri aval
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential roles of emotion control strategies and social anxiety in explaining and predicting eating disorder symptoms. Method: The statistical population included all students of the Mohaghegh Ardabili University, studying in the 2015/2016 academic ...
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Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential roles of emotion control strategies and social anxiety in explaining and predicting eating disorder symptoms. Method: The statistical population included all students of the Mohaghegh Ardabili University, studying in the 2015/2016 academic year. Data on social anxiety, emotion control, and eating disorder symptoms were collected from 190 students of Mohaghegh Ardebili University, using the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN), Eating Attitude Test - 26 (EAT-26), and Emotion Control Questionnaire - 2 (ECQ-2). Pearson’s correlation coefficient statistical method and stepwise regression were applied. Results: Rehearsal and benign control (subscales of emotion control questionnaire) positively correlated with all three subscales of social anxiety (fear, avoidance, and physiological arousal). Among different subscales of social anxiety, only avoidance could predict dieting and oral control. Among different subscales of eating disorder test, benign control was the only subscale of emotion control questionnaire that could predict bulimia and food preoccupation. Discussion: This study suggests that social anxiety and emotion control are, to some extent, related and can partially predict eating disorder symptoms.
Biuok Tajeri; leya anoosheh; maryam asadi; sajad Bahadoran; Mandana shaban; Saideh Ghobadpour; samad valizade
Abstract
Objectives: One of the major complaints of addicts in withdrawal period is their malady and boredom. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of problem solving skills on happiness of addicts to methamphetamine in Tehran city.
Method: Using a semi-experimental design and multistage cluster sampling ...
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Objectives: One of the major complaints of addicts in withdrawal period is their malady and boredom. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of problem solving skills on happiness of addicts to methamphetamine in Tehran city.
Method: Using a semi-experimental design and multistage cluster sampling method, 36 addicts were randomly selected and assigned into the experimental and control groups. Both groups filled Oxford Happiness Questionnaire in the pre-test, posttest and after three-month follow up. The participants of the experimental group were taught problem solving skills. Covariance and variance analysis with repeated measurement of Bonn-Ferny test were conducted to analyze the data.
Result: Considering the ETA square (0.28), it can be concluded that the treatment intervention led to 0.28 total change in experimental group. We can say with 99% confidence that there is a statistically significant difference between the mean of the study groups in the three intervention stages.
Conclusion: Training problem solving skills is effective in increasing happiness level of addicts to methamphetamine.
Ziba Barghi irani; Zohreh Pirhayati; Hossein Zare
Volume 1, Issue 1 , June 2018, , Pages 79-91
Abstract
Objective: The goal of the present research is to determine the degree of the efficiency of group approach of ACT on the life quality of elderly people suffering from ARMD. Method: The research is a semi experimental study with the pre, post-test and experimental and control groups. The research population ...
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Objective: The goal of the present research is to determine the degree of the efficiency of group approach of ACT on the life quality of elderly people suffering from ARMD. Method: The research is a semi experimental study with the pre, post-test and experimental and control groups. The research population was the aging men and women suffering from ARMD selected from Karaj Nour-e-Didegan Ophtalmology Clinic. The sample of the research was 28 people were chosen through random sampling method and divided into two experimental and control groups. The program of approaching based upon therapy through ACT in the collective form within 8 sessions of 120 minutes. Results: The results were analyzed by studying the ANOVA with repeated measure and LSD and the result showed a significant meaning of the efficiency of ACT on sub scales of the life quality, physical sanity and psycho sanity. But no significant meaning was achieved to affirm the efficiency of ACT upon the environmental sanity. These effects did not persist on the process of follow- up. Conclusion: With regard to the research findings, one can employ ACT to improve lifequality of the aged people who suffer from ARMD.
saadeh bahrebar; hasan ahadi; alireza aghayousefi
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of emotional regulation and coping therapy training on life style in adolescent at risk of drug abuse. Method: The present study was a quasi-experimental research with two experimental and one control groups. The statistical population ...
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Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of emotional regulation and coping therapy training on life style in adolescent at risk of drug abuse. Method: The present study was a quasi-experimental research with two experimental and one control groups. The statistical population of this study consisted of all 577 boy students in secondary high schools(the second period) in Kish Island, in 2017-18, and finally 45 students were selected based on entry criteria and randomly divided to 3 groups (emotional regulation training group, coping therapy training group and one control group). The research tools consisted of who quality of life questionnaire. Data were analyzed using covariance analysis. Results: The results showed that emotional regulation and coping therapy training programs had a positive effect on life style and these changes have been steady to the stage of follow-up. Conclusion: It is recommended to use emotion regulation and coping therapy programs to increase life style in adolescents
Gholam Hossein Javanmard; Farah Goli
Volume 1, Issue 2 , December 2018, , Pages 73-82
Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to examine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction training on negative emotions with gastrointestinal disorders. Method: A quasi-experimental study was designed with pretest-posttest using a control group. The study sample consisted of 30 male patients ...
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Background: The present study aimed to examine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction training on negative emotions with gastrointestinal disorders. Method: A quasi-experimental study was designed with pretest-posttest using a control group. The study sample consisted of 30 male patients (referred to internal experts and admitted to Abbasi Hospital of Miandoab in 2016) with gastrointestinal disorders (Irritable Bowel Syndrome, peptic ulcer, and duodenal ulcer) based on diagnostic criteria (ROME-III) who were selected by purposive sampling method. The patients were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. After performing the pretest using Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS), the experimental group received mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention during the eight sessions of one and a half hour, while the control group received no psychological intervention; and after the end of the sessions, the posttest was performed for both groups using the same tools. The collected data were analyzed through covariance analysis (ANCOV) by using SPSS-18 software. Results: The mean scores of negative emotions rates of experimental group significantly decreased after receiving the mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention (P
