نوع مقاله : پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد روان شناسی بالینی، گروه روانشناسی بالینی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران.
2 دانشیار روانشناسی سلامت، گروه روانشناسی بالینی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران.
چکیده
هدف: اضطراب مرگ و ترس از ابتلا از جمله عوامل روانشناختی مهمی هستند که در دورههای شیوع بیماریهای واگیردار بر اختلال سازگاری تأثیر میگذارند. در مقابل، حمایت اجتماعی ادراکشده و تابآوری روانشناختی بهعنوان عوامل محافظتی عمل میکنند. این پژوهش به بررسی نقش پیشبینیکننده اضطراب مرگ و ترس از کووید-19 در بروز اختلال سازگاری با تمرکز بر نقشهای میانجی حمایت اجتماعی ادراکشده و تابآوری روانشناختی پرداخته است.
روش: این مطالعه به روش توصیفیمقطعی انجام شد و ۴۰۰ فرد بزرگسال از شهر تهران بهصورت نمونهگیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. شرکتکنندگان به پرسشنامه بینالمللی اختلال سازگاری، مقیاس اضطراب مرگ، مقیاس ترس از کووید-19، مقیاس چندبعدی حمایت اجتماعی ادراکشده، و مقیاس تابآوری کانر–دیویدسون پاسخ دادند. دادهها با استفاده از آمار توصیفی (نرمافزار SPSS نسخه ۲۶) و مدلیابی معادلات ساختاری (نرمافزار AMOS نسخه ۲۶) تحلیل شدند.
یافتهها: ترس از کووید-19 با اختلال سازگاری رابطه مثبت و معناداری داشت (18/0=β ، 012/0=P)، حمایت اجتماعی ادراکشده (25/0-=β ، 001/0>P) و تابآوری روانشناختی (24/0-=β ، 001/0>P) با اختلال سازگاری رابطه منفی و معنادار نشان دادند. همچنین، تابآوری روانشناختی بهطور جزئی رابطه بین ترس از کووید-19 و اختلال سازگاری را میانجیگری کرد (07/0=β غیرمستقیم، 016/0=P). اضطراب مرگ پیشبینیکننده معناداری برای اختلال سازگاری نبود (05/0<P).
نتیجهگیری: یافتهها بر نقش ترس از کووید-19، تابآوری و حمایت اجتماعی ادراکشده در پیشبینی اختلال سازگاری تأکید دارند. مداخلاتی با هدف تقویت تابآوری و افزایش حمایت اجتماعی میتوانند آثار روانی ناشی از فشارهای همهگیری را کاهش دهند. پیشنهاد میشود پژوهشهای آینده برای تبیین دقیقتر این مسیرها و توسعه راهبردهای پیشگیرانه و درمانی هدفمند ادامه یابد.
کلیدواژهها
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