Psychological aspects in health and diseases
Ezzatollah Ahmadi; Mohadese Bayat; Rahim yosefi
Abstract
Introduction: Whenever there is an outbreak of infectious diseases, psychosocial impact has been observed on individual and social levels globally. The psychological and social effects of the COVID-19 epidemic are potential and widespread, which affect people's mental health in the long term. The present ...
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Introduction: Whenever there is an outbreak of infectious diseases, psychosocial impact has been observed on individual and social levels globally. The psychological and social effects of the COVID-19 epidemic are potential and widespread, which affect people's mental health in the long term. The present study aimed to investigate the role of neuroticism in predicting psychological distress through perceived stress and loneliness in covid-19.Method: This research was carried out in the form of correlation and structural equations. The statistical population of the research was all the students of Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, 300 of whom were selected through convenience sampling, and the neuroticism scale was from the short form of the Neo questionnaire, the Cohen et al.'s perceived stress questionnaire, the Kessler psychological distress questionnaire, and the loneliness scale. Social Emotional Assessment for Adults (SELSA-S) was administered to them. Then the obtained data were analyzed using Spss26 and Amos22 software.Results: The results showed that neuroticism is related to psychological distress through loneliness and perceived stress. Also, there is a positive and significant relationship between the components of loneliness, perceived stress, and neuroticism with stress, anxiety, and depression.Conclusion: Therefore, considering the increasing spread of psychological distress, it is necessary to reduce people's psychological distress by teaching self-care skills and stress management.
Mohammad Taghi Kheirkhah; Hamze Moazzen; Zahra Mirchi; Atefeh Nezamolslami; Moslm Kord; Mehran Mokarami; Shahriar Gharibzadeh; Majid Saffarinia
Abstract
Objective: Capture of attention occurs when a goal-irrelevant salient stimulus appears in the field of attention. The COVID-19 pandemic seems to be salient enough to capture a great proportion of one’s attention resources. The purpose of this study was to explore how the novelty of outbreak news ...
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Objective: Capture of attention occurs when a goal-irrelevant salient stimulus appears in the field of attention. The COVID-19 pandemic seems to be salient enough to capture a great proportion of one’s attention resources. The purpose of this study was to explore how the novelty of outbreak news affects attention in everyday life.Methods: 162 participants were recruited using an online invitation and divided into two samples (early and late sections). The research variables were the salience of news, intrusive thoughts, endogenous attention, and knowledge of COVID-19, which were examined and compared between the two measurements using one-way MANOVA. Additionally, a correlation analysis was performed to reveal a model of relationships between variables.Results: It was found that despite the increase in infected cases, intrusive thoughts and attentional capture decreased over time. To describe the relationship between the salience of news and attentional capture a conceptual model was presented.Conclusion: In addition to the other physical properties of a stimulus, novelty also contributes to stimulus salience. In everyday life, novel situations can trigger intrusive thoughts and attentional capture. Nonetheless, it cannot be sustained after the novelty has worn off. The proposed model can be useful to understand further similar situations.
zeinab Sharifipour Chokami; Arefeh Hamideh Moghadam; Abbas Abolghasemi
Abstract
Objective: According to the importance of health precautions and preventive behaviors against COVID-19, the present study aimed to compare health-related behaviors in individuals with and without COVID-19.
Methods: This study was causal-comparative and descriptive. The sample of the study was 30 persons ...
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Objective: According to the importance of health precautions and preventive behaviors against COVID-19, the present study aimed to compare health-related behaviors in individuals with and without COVID-19.
Methods: This study was causal-comparative and descriptive. The sample of the study was 30 persons with a history of COVID-19 infection and 61 normal individuals who were selected from men and women in Rasht through convenience sampling in 2021. To collect data, the Clark et al.’s Compliance Behaviors Against COVID-19 Questionnaire (2020) was used.
Results: The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that there were differences in health-related behaviors among individuals with and without COVID-19. In other words, the mean score of Perceived Invulnerability was higher in individuals with COVID-19 and Health Precautions and Health Importance in them were less than normal individuals.
Conclusions: These findings indicate that there are gaps in health behaviors related to the COVID-19 area and awareness in this area can have a positive effect on the quality of health-related behaviors.
Razieh Kamal; Razieh Rahmani; Hoda Nadaf Shargh
Abstract
Objective: While previous research studies primarily focused on younger populations, this study compared the relationship between Instagram use and the mental health of both young and older women who were quarantined because of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Method: Data were collected using Google Form from ...
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Objective: While previous research studies primarily focused on younger populations, this study compared the relationship between Instagram use and the mental health of both young and older women who were quarantined because of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Method: Data were collected using Google Form from March 1 to May 5, 2020. A total of 389 women from Mashhad City in Iran participated in the study and completed a questionnaire regarding their daily Instagram usage and a General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28).
Results: Older users’ daily Instagram use was not significantly different from that of younger users [t (382) = 0.98, p = 0.33]. Furthermore, results indicated that there was a significant positive correlation between daily Instagram use and young users’ mental health levels [r (352) = 0.23, p=0.00]. Finally, there was no significant correlation between daily Instagram use and old users’ mental health levels [r (28) = -0.20, p = 0.28].
Conclusion: The findings advance an understanding of Instagram use among younger and older adults and highlight the correlation between Instagram use and mental health. The results can inform future technological interventions that are designed to help younger and older adults who may have better access to social benefits via SNS platforms, particularly in specific circumstances, such as those brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Abu Hasanat Mohammad Kishowar Hossain; Helal Uddin Ahmed; Reun Tanzin Oshru; MD Yeasir Yunus
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to find out the anxiety and depression level among tertiary students in Bangladesh during COVID-19 outbreak.
Method: The online survey design was used in this study. To measure anxiety and depression, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 ...
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Objective: This study aimed to find out the anxiety and depression level among tertiary students in Bangladesh during COVID-19 outbreak.
Method: The online survey design was used in this study. To measure anxiety and depression, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scales were used. Binary logistic regression was performed to assess the impact of several factors on the likelihood of reporting anxiety and depression by respondents.
Results: The strongest predictor of binary logistic regression of reporting anxiety was gender (OR: 2.848; 95% CI; 1.836-4.417; p<.001), indicating that female students had about 2.9 times more likely to report anxiety than male students. The duration of using social media (OR: 0.567; 95% CI; 0.329-0.978; p<0.05) was also affecting the level of anxiety of the students. Depression was reported to be affected by the present living place (OR: 0.507; 95% CI; 0.316-0.814; p=.005).
Conclusion: This study showed that students had different levels of anxiety and depression. Gender, the present living place, and the duration of using social media were the significant factors for anxiety disorder. Depression was also getting affected by the present living place and the duration of using social media.
