Psychological aspects in health and diseases
Zahra Hamzeei; Alireza Aghayousefi; Mahdiyeh Rahmanian
Abstract
Objective: Stress is widely recognized as a critical factor influencing both the onset and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Evidence suggests that the use of adaptive coping strategies can enhance psychological resilience and improve patients’ ability to manage stressful life events effectively. ...
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Objective: Stress is widely recognized as a critical factor influencing both the onset and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Evidence suggests that the use of adaptive coping strategies can enhance psychological resilience and improve patients’ ability to manage stressful life events effectively. Accordingly, the present study aimed to examine the impact of coping therapy on stress-coping strategies and perceived stress levels among women with cardiovascular disease.Method: This semi-experimental research employed a pre-test–post-test design with a control group and a one-month follow-up. The statistical population consisted of 30 women diagnosed with cardiovascular disease and experiencing psychological stress, who were selected through convenience sampling from a cardiology clinic in Qom, Iran. Participants were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 15) and a control group (n = 15). The experimental group received the Folkman and Lazarus (1984) coping therapy program over 12 weekly sessions (each lasting two hours), while the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were collected using the Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen et al., 1983) and the Lazarus and Folkman Coping Strategies Questionnaire (1980), administered before, after, and one month following the intervention. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS version 24.Results: Findings revealed a significant improvement in adaptive coping strategies and a significant reduction in perceived stress among participants in the coping therapy group compared with the control group (p < 0.001).Conclusion: Coping therapy proved effective in enhancing stress-coping strategies and decreasing perceived stress levels in women with cardiovascular disease. By enabling participants to identify the root causes of stress, reinterpret stressful experiences, and employ effective coping mechanisms, the intervention contributed to improved psychological and potentially physiological well-being. The findings highlight the importance of integrating coping-based psychological interventions into cardiac rehabilitation programs to improve the overall health of cardiovascular patients.
Psychological and social aspects of disease prevention
Majid Mahmood alilou; Khalil Esmaelpour; Abbas Bakhshipour; Fariba Pourjabbar Akhuni
Abstract
Objective: The present study, a descriptive-cross-sectional design using structural equation modeling, aimed to determine the structural relationships between coping strategies and somatoform symptoms, with the mediating role of emotional dysregulation among individuals with somatoform disorders in Tehran.Method: ...
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Objective: The present study, a descriptive-cross-sectional design using structural equation modeling, aimed to determine the structural relationships between coping strategies and somatoform symptoms, with the mediating role of emotional dysregulation among individuals with somatoform disorders in Tehran.Method: The statistical population consisted of all individuals with somatoform disorders referred to the psychosomatic departments of Tehran's hospitals. Following the recommendations of Guadagnoli and Velicer (1998), a sample of 250 patients (149 women and 101 men), who met the inclusion criteria, was recruited via purposeful sampling. Data were collected using the Lazarus and Folkman (1984) Coping Strategies Questionnaire, the Gratz and Roemer (2004) Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, and the Rief and Hiller (2003) Somatoform Disorders Questionnaire. After confirmatory analysis, the proposed model was evaluated through structural equation modeling and path analysis.Results: The findings showed that the developed model has a good fit. The mediating variable, emotional dysregulation, was found to be a positive and significant predictor of somatoform symptoms (p < .001). Furthermore, mediation analysis revealed that problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies can respectively decrease and increase somatoform symptoms by reducing and increasing emotional dysregulation.Conclusion: According to the findings, it can be concluded that somatoform symptoms are affected by coping strategies and emotional dysregulation. Therefore, reducing the somatoform symptoms of people with this disorder requires serious attention to adopting appropriate, problem-focused coping strategies and correcting emotional dysregulation.
Chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, AIDS, cardiovascular, MS, etc.
Mahnaz Moghanloo; Pegah Amiriaram
Abstract
Objective: Psychological hardiness, death anxiety, and coping strategies may differ between the two groups of patients with cardiovascular disease and breast cancer. Method: This study employs a descriptive, causal-comparative design. Subjects of this study included two groups of women with breast ...
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Objective: Psychological hardiness, death anxiety, and coping strategies may differ between the two groups of patients with cardiovascular disease and breast cancer. Method: This study employs a descriptive, causal-comparative design. Subjects of this study included two groups of women with breast cancer and cardiovascular disease: 60 patients (30 cardiovascular and 30 breast cancer). Ahvaz Psychological Hardiness Scale, Collet-Lester Fear of Death Scale, and Lazarus Coping Strategies Questionnaire were used to assess the study's three variables.Results: MANOVA results showed a significant difference in psychological hardiness and death anxiety between the two patient groups. Women with cardiovascular disease had higher hardness (F=4/84, P=0.3) and lower death anxiety (F=4/71, P=0.3) than women with breast cancer. Women with breast cancer used emotion-focused strategies more than those with cardiovascular disease, while women with cardiovascular disease used problem-focused coping strategies (F=4/42, P=0.4). Conclusion: The type of chronic disease can affect the role of positive psychological factors in chronic diseases. Women with breast cancer have more stress and anxiety about death. They use ineffective strategies to cope with the stress.
Psychological interventions in health and diseases
Ali Afshari
Abstract
Objective: When individuals encounter stressful and potentially life-threatening situations, they often experience significant tension that can be challenging to manage without adequate emotional regulation and effective coping mechanisms. This study seeks to explore the function of coping strategies ...
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Objective: When individuals encounter stressful and potentially life-threatening situations, they often experience significant tension that can be challenging to manage without adequate emotional regulation and effective coping mechanisms. This study seeks to explore the function of coping strategies as a mediating factor in the connection between stressful experiences and resilience in university students.Method: The research population consists of all university students enrolled in the academic year 2017-2018, characterized by a basic correlation approach. A total of 373 students were chosen using Morgan’s table and a multi-stage cluster sampling method. Data collection was done utilizing the resilience questionnaire (CD-RSC), the coping strategies questionnaire (CISS), and the stressful events questionnaire (LEQ-12). Research hypotheses were tested using correlation analysis, path analysis, and simultaneous multiple regression techniques.Results: The findings indicate a significant negative correlation between stressful events and resilience (p < 0.01), while a positive correlation exists between problem-oriented strategies and resilience (p < 0.01). Additionally, there is a negative association between emotion-oriented strategies and resilience (p < 0.01), as well as between avoidance strategies and resilience (p < 0.01). Furthermore, a negative relationship is observed between problem-oriented strategies and stressful events (p < 0.01), alongside a positive correlation between emotion-oriented strategies and stressful events (p < 0.01), and a positive relationship between avoidance strategies and stressful events (p < 0.01).Conclusions: According to the results, teaching coping strategies can lead to increased resilience.
Payam Varaee; Roghayeh Taghipoor; Ferdous kazemi delivand; Najmeh Darroudi
Abstract
Objective:The purpose of this study was to compare the methods of coping with coronavirus anxiety and the mental health of female athletes aged 30-50 years participating in aerobics and non-athletes in Tehran.
Method:This study was descriptive and causal-comparative. The study's statistical population ...
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Objective:The purpose of this study was to compare the methods of coping with coronavirus anxiety and the mental health of female athletes aged 30-50 years participating in aerobics and non-athletes in Tehran.
Method:This study was descriptive and causal-comparative. The study's statistical population consisted of all female athletes aged 30 to 50 years in the field of aerobics and non-athletes in Tehran in the year 2021-2022. In this study, 50 female athletes from Tehran's 2nd district were selected through a voluntary sampling, while 50 non-athletic women voluntarily participated. Data were collected using the 12-GHQ Mental Health Scale (Goldberg & Williams, 1988) and the Stress Coping Styles Scale (Endler & Parker, 1990). Data analysis was performed using SPSS24 software, employing multivariate statistical analysis of variance.
Results:The research findings indicate a significant difference in coping styles between athlete and non-athlete females. Specifically, the score for problem-oriented coping style in female athletes was higher than non-athletes (P<0.05). The score for emotion-oriented coping style was also higher in female athletes compared to non-athletic women (P<0.05). However, the score for avoidance coping style in female athletes was lower than in non-athletic women (P<0.05). Regarding mental health, the average score for mental health in female aerobics participants was lower than that in non-athletes (P<0.05). A lower score in mental health is considered indicative of better mental health. Therefore, it can be concluded that female athletes have better mental health compared to non-athletic females.
Conclusion:The study's results suggest that female athletes and non-athletes have different coping styles when dealing with coronavirus anxiety. Female athletes tend to employ problem-oriented and emotion-oriented coping styles more frequently, while non-athletes are inclined toward avoidance coping styles. Furthermore, female athletes demonstrate better mental health than their non-athletic counterparts.
Arezou asghari; parvin rafieinia
Abstract
Objective: Eating disorders are one of the most problematic psychological issues that are highly associated with mental health disorders such as anxiety and mood disorders, substance abuse disorders, and personality disorders.
Objectives: This study aimed to identify the canonical analysis of relationships ...
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Objective: Eating disorders are one of the most problematic psychological issues that are highly associated with mental health disorders such as anxiety and mood disorders, substance abuse disorders, and personality disorders.
Objectives: This study aimed to identify the canonical analysis of relationships between coping strategies and parental bonding with eating disorders in students.
Methods: The method of the present study was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included all female undergraduate students of Kosar University of Bojnord in the academic year 2019. The research sample consisted of 250 students who were selected by convenience sampling from all female students of Kosar University of Bojnord. To collect data, the eating attitude test (EAT-26, 1982), coping with stressful situation questionnaire (CISS, 1994), and parent bonding instrument (PBI, 1979) were used. The collected data were analyzed using canonical correlation.
Results: The Results showed that components of parental banding, care (0.43, 0.42, and 0.43), and overprotection (0.39, 0.29, and 0.22) were positively related to eating disorders subscales (P<0.01); additionally, from coping strategies’ components emotion-oriented (0.12, 0.14, and 0.14) and avoidance-oriented coping (0.24, 0.22, and 0.16) had positive significant relationship with eating disorders (P<0.05). Canonical correlation also indicated the predictive role of parental bonding on eating disorders (P<0.001).
Conclusion: It can be concluded that teaching adaptive coping strategies and parental involvement in treatment interventions can prevent and reduce eating disorders in students.
Nader Monir poor
Volume 1, Issue 1 , June 2018, , Pages 51-62
Abstract
Objective: Due to unpleasant consequences of depression in patients suffering from cardiac diseases, such as increase in mortality rate during the first year, especially after undergoing a surgery; this study addresses structural relationships between cognitive and behavioral variables including illness ...
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Objective: Due to unpleasant consequences of depression in patients suffering from cardiac diseases, such as increase in mortality rate during the first year, especially after undergoing a surgery; this study addresses structural relationships between cognitive and behavioral variables including illness perception and coping strategies in predicting depression after undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). Besides, one of the cognitive models for assessing psychological adaptation with chronic medical diseases was outlined for the first time. Method: The sample comprised 245 coronary patients confronted with the diagnosis for the first time, who had undergone PCI and CABG interventions. They were chosen and interviewed through convenience sampling following one month of initiating treatment process. For this purpose, Beck Depression Inventory for Primary Care (BDI-PC), Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS-21) and the short format of Disease Perception Questionnaire were administered. Data was analyzed using structural equations modeling (LISREL software). Results: findings indicated that applying emotion-focused coping strategies determined 40% of depression variance in these patients, whereas problem-focused strategies determined 4.5% of it and avoidant coping strategy didn’t have a significant role in depression. On the other hand, illness perception as a cognitive variable, could directly determine 26% of depression and 4.5% of it through emotion-focused strategies and 0.25% by means of problem-focused strategies. Also illness perception, could meaningfully determine 50% of emotion-focused coping variance, 7% of problem-focused variance and 8% of avoidance variance. Conclusion: Overall results of this study supported Leventhal’s theoretical model of self-regulation and verified the role of cognitive variables (illness perception) and behavioral ones (coping strategy) in emerging depression. Therefore it is recommended that much attention be drawn to the process of developing patient’s illness perception through personal or group trainings and if necessary, offering effective cognitive and behavioral treatments by practitioners.
