In collaboration with Payame Noor University and Iranian Health Psychology

Document Type : research

Authors

1 Associate Professor of Payame Noor University

2 Professor payame noor university

Abstract

Objectives: Following the pandemic of corona disease in Iran and around the world, the most important goal of health policies focused on compliance with prevention behaviors, and its evaluating. One of the most effective model based on social psychology is Health Belief Model that has been employed in many studies as different aspects of preventive behaviors. The main purpose was study the relationship between compliance with preventive behaviors of corona disease with health belief model, and predicting the high level and low level of compliance with these behaviors based on health belief model variables.
Method: The present study was a descriptive-correlational study in terms of its method. The statistical population consisted of all adults aged +20 who lived in Tehran. 472 voluntary subjects were selected through online recall method. The instruments of the study included the compliance with preventive behaviors of corona scale (CPBC), and the corona health belief model inventory (CHBM). Both measures were developed and standardized by the researchers. Data were analyzed by using regression analysis.
Results: The Means of CPBC in all participants was 3.38 ± 0.83, thereupon two groups were formed accordingly, as high group (4.18±0.17) and low group (1.92±0/28). The findings show that high level of compliance could be predict by severity, benefits; and barriers; and low level of compliance by age, benefits, and barriers.
Conclusion: Since preventive behaviors were known as the best way to control of corona virus outbreak, there is a great value of identifying variables that might mitigate or exacerbate compliance could contribute greatly to the development of more effective health planning in Iranian society. Therefore, increase the benefits and reduce the barriers of prevention behaviors could be effective, and consequently, corona virus transmission could be decreased.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

ارزیابی رفتارهای پیشگیرانه از بیماری کرونا بر اساس مدل بهداشتی باورهای سلامتی

Authors [Persian]

  • سوسن علیزاده فرد 1
  • احمد علی پور 2

1 دانشیار دانشگاه پیام نور تهران

2 استاد دانشگاه پیام نور تهران

Abstract [Persian]

اهداف: در پی همه گیری بیماری کرونا در ایران و سراسر جهان ، مهمترین هدف سیاست های بهداشتی بر رعایت رفتارهای پیشگیرانه و ارزیابی آن متمرکز شده است. در بسیاری از مطالعات، جنبه‏های مختلف رفتارهای پیشگیرانه با استفاده از یکی از موثرترین مدل‏ های روانشناسی اجتماعی، یعنی مدل باورهای بهداشتی بررسی شده است. هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر نیز مطالعه رابطه تبعیت از رفتارهای پیشگیرانه بیماری کرونا و مدل باورهای بهداشتی، و پیش‏بینی تبعیت بالا و پایین از این رفتارها بر اساس متغیرهای مدل باورهای بهداشتی بود.
روش: پژوهش حاضر از نظر روش، توصیفی از نوع همبستگی بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه بزرگسالان بالای20 سال ساکن تهران بود  که 472 نفر از داوطلبین به روش فراخوان آنلاین انتخاب شدند. ابزارهای مطالعه شامل پرسشنامه تبعیت از رفتارهای پیشگیری از بیماری کرونا (CPBC)، و پرسشنامه باورهای بهداشتی (HBM) بود. داده ها با استفاده از روش تحلیل رگرسیون مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.
یافته‏ ها: میانگین رعایت رفتارهای پیشگیرانه در همه شرکت کنندگان 38/3 و انحراف استاندارد 83/0 بود. سپس دو گروه تبعیت بالا و پایین به ترتیب گروه بالا (17/0±18/4) و گروه پایین (28/0±92/1) تشکیل شد. یافته‏های حاصل از تحلیل رگرسیون نشان داد که سطح بالای تبعیت را می‏توان بر اساس باور به شدت خطر، و مزایای رعایت رفتاهای بهداشتی پیش‏بینی نمود. درحالی که سطح پایین تبعیت بر اساس سن افراد، و مزایا و موانع انجام رفتارهای پیشگیرانه  قابل پیش‏بینی بود.
نتیجه ‏گیری: از آنجا که رفتارهای پیشگیرانه به عنوان بهترین روش برای کنترل شیوع ویروس کرونا شناخته می‏شود، شناسایی متغیرهایی که ممکن است رعایت آنها را کاهش داده یا تشدید نماید، می‏تواند به توسعه برنامه‏ریزی‏های موثرتر سلامت در جامعه ایران کمک شایانی نماید. بنابراین، با تمرکز بر افزایش مزایا و کاهش موانع اجرای رفتارهای پیشگیرانه می‏تواند به شکلی موثر بر پیشگیری و کاهش انتقال ویروس کرونا موثر باشد.
 

Keywords [Persian]

  • مدل باورهای بهداشتی
  • رفتار پیشگیرانه
  • تبعیت
  • بیماری کرونا
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