In collaboration with Payame Noor University and Iranian Health Psychology

Document Type : research

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran

2 Master of Psychology, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Objective: Parenting styles, parental conflict, child anxiety, and behavioral problems are closely linked in health psychology. These factors influence a child's emotional, psychological, and behavioral development. Their interaction can have long-term effects on mental health. This study examined whether anxiety mediates the relationship between parental conflicts, parenting styles, and children's behavioral disorders.
Method: This correlational study surveyed 1,500 five- to six-year-old preschoolers in Behbahan City. Using the Klein rule, a sample of 200 was selected through single-stage cluster sampling. Tools included the Child Behavior Checklist, the Interparental Conflict Scale, the Parenting Style Questionnaire, and the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale. Data were analyzed with path analysis in SPSS 22 and AMOS.
Results: Structural model analysis showed parental conflicts directly and significantly affected externalizing behavior problems (β = 0.22, p< 0.05). Parental conflicts also significantly impacted children’s anxiety (β=0.417, p<0.05). Parenting styles (permissive and strict) significantly predicted anxiety and internalizing problems (p<0.05). Authoritative style had a negative, significant effect on anxiety and behavioral problems (β = -0.17, p<0.05). Indirect effects of parental conflict and all parenting styles on behavioral problems, through anxiety, were significant (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Children's behavioral problems are influenced by anxiety, parental conflicts, and parenting styles. Anxiety can intensify the effects of parental conflicts and parenting styles. Increased perceptions of parental conflict are linked to higher behavioral problems and anxiety in children.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [Persian]

رابطه تعارضات والدین و سبک های فرزندپروری با مشکلات رفتاری کودکان در کودکان پیش دبستانی: نقش واسطه ای اضطراب

Authors [Persian]

  • فریبا تابع بردبار 1
  • فهیمه کرایی 2

1 دانشیار گروه روانشناسی، پیام نور، تهران، ایران

2 Master of Psychology, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract [Persian]

مقدمه:رابطه بین سبک‌های فرزندپروری، تعارض‌های والدینی، اضطراب کودک و مشکلات رفتاری، از موضوعات اساسی و چندوجهی در حوزه روان‌شناسی سلامت به شمار می‌رود. این متغیرها به‌صورت متقابل بر رشد عاطفی، شناختی و رفتاری کودک اثرگذارند و تعامل آن‌ها می‌تواند پیامدهای بلندمدتی بر سلامت روان به‌جای گذارد. بر این اساس، هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی نقش میانجی اضطراب در رابطه بین تعارض‌های والدینی و سبک‌های فرزندپروری با اختلال‌های رفتاری کودکان بود.
روش:
پژوهش حاضر توصیفی از نوع همبستگی بود. جامعه آماری شامل ۱۵۰۰ کودک ۵ تا ۶ ساله در مراکز پیش‌دبستانی شهر بهبهان در سال تحصیلی جاری بود. حجم نمونه بر اساس قاعده کلاین ۲۰۰ نفر تعیین و با روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای تک‌مرحله‌ای انتخاب شد. ابزارهای گردآوری داده‌ها شامل فهرست رفتاری کودک (CBCL)، مقیاس تعارض بین‌والدی (IPC)، پرسشنامه سبک‌های فرزندپروری (PSQ) و مقیاس اضطراب کودکان اسپنس (SCAS) بود. داده‌ها با استفاده از تحلیل مسیر و نرم‌افزارهای SPSS22 و AMOS مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفتند.
یافته‌ها:
نتایج تحلیل نشان داد تعارض والدین تأثیر مستقیم و معناداری بر مشکلات رفتاری برونی‌سازی‌شده دارد (β=0.22, p<0.05) و همچنین اثر معناداری بر اضطراب کودکان دارد .(β=0.417, p<0.05) سبک‌های فرزندپروری مستبد و سهل‌گیر رابطه مثبت و معناداری با اضطراب و مشکلات رفتاری درونی‌سازی‌شده داشتند .(p<0.05) سبک فرزندپروری مقتدرانه با اضطراب و مشکلات رفتاری کودکان رابطه منفی و معناداری نشان داد .(β=-0.17, p<0.05) اثرات غیرمستقیم تعارض والدین و سبک‌های فرزندپروری از طریق اضطراب بر مشکلات رفتاری کودکان نیز معنادار بود (p<0.05).
نتیجه‌گیری:
نتایج پژوهش نشان داد مشکلات رفتاری کودکان تحت تأثیر اضطراب، تعارض‌های والدینی و سبک‌های فرزندپروری قرار دارند. اضطراب به‌عنوان یک متغیر میانجی می‌تواند شدت تأثیر تعارض‌های والدینی و سبک‌های فرزندپروری نامناسب را افزایش دهد. بنابراین، آموزش مهارت‌های ارتباطی و کاهش تعارض‌های زناشویی همراه با ترویج سبک فرزندپروری مقتدرانه می‌تواند به کاهش اضطراب و پیشگیری از مشکلات هیجانی و رفتاری در کودکان منجر شود.

Keywords [Persian]

  • اضطراب کودک
  • مشکلات رفتاری کودکان
  • روانشناسی سلامت؛ تعارض والدین
  • سبک های فرزندپروری
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