Chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, AIDS, cardiovascular, MS, etc.
Fatemeh Bayanfar; Hengameh Boloorsaz Mashhadi
Abstract
Objective: Hypertension is a common, asymptomatic medical condition. It arises from general or functional disorders and is referred to as primary or essential hypertension. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of brief cognitive-behavioral therapy (BCBT) on dysfunctional attitudes, lifestyle, ...
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Objective: Hypertension is a common, asymptomatic medical condition. It arises from general or functional disorders and is referred to as primary or essential hypertension. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of brief cognitive-behavioral therapy (BCBT) on dysfunctional attitudes, lifestyle, and distress tolerance in young adults with hypertension.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study used a pre-test-post- test design, a control group, and \ a 45-day follow-up. The population comprised young male patients with hypertension at Moheb Mehr Hospital in Tehran between March and October 2025. From this population, a sample of 30 people was selected using purposive sampling, and they were then randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (n = 15 each). The experimental group received 10 60-minute BCBT sessions over 2.5 months, per Rudd’s protocol (2012). The control group received only routine medical care. Both groups were re-evaluated 45 days after the intervention. Measures included the Dysfunctional Attitudes Questionnaire (Weissman & Beck, 1978), Profile Health-Promoting Lifestyle II (PHPL-II) (Walker et al., 1995), and Distress Tolerance Scale (Simmons & Gaher, 2005). Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests in SPSS v26.
Results: BCBT significantly reduced dysfunctional attitudes (F = 32.913, p < 0.004), improved lifestyle (F = 9.665, p < 0.002), and increased distress tolerance (F = 11.313, p < 0.001) of the patients with hypertension. Effect sizes were 0.54, 0.26, and 0.29 for dysfunctional attitudes, lifestyle, and distress tolerance. Improvements persisted at the follow-up stage.
Conclusion: Brief cognitive-behavioral therapy improves behavioral-psychological indices in patients with hypertension. Adding this intervention to rehabilitation programs may enhance patient outcomes.
Chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, AIDS, cardiovascular, MS, etc.
Ali Afshari; Mohammad Eyvazi
Abstract
Objective: Type 2 diabetes, in addition to its physical consequences, exerts significant psychological effects on patients' quality of life and mental health. Psychological interventions that strengthen individuals' internal resources can therefore contribute to improved mental health and resilience. ...
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Objective: Type 2 diabetes, in addition to its physical consequences, exerts significant psychological effects on patients' quality of life and mental health. Psychological interventions that strengthen individuals' internal resources can therefore contribute to improved mental health and resilience. The present study aimed to examine the effectiveness of self-compassion training on self-esteem, psychological well-being, psychological flexibility, and psychological resilience in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Method: A quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test measures and a control group was employed. The statistical population comprised all individuals with type 2 diabetes who visited specialized diabetes treatment centers in Tabriz, Iran, during the first quarter of 2023. Of these, 30 participants were selected through convenience sampling and were then randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Data were collected using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (1989), Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Scale (2002), the Dennis and Vander Wal Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire (2010), and a Persian Psychological Resilience Scale (Kiamarsi, Najarian, & Mehrabizadeh-Honarmand, 1998). The self-compassion training program consisted of eight one-hour sessions based on Gilbert's therapeutic protocol (2009).
Results: Data analysis indicated that self-compassion training significantly improved self-esteem, psychological well-being, and psychological flexibility in individuals with type 2 diabetes (p < 0.05). However, the intervention did not produce a significant effect on psychological resilience in this population.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that enhancing self-compassion skills can constitute an effective component of psychological interventions for patients with type 2 diabetes.
Chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, AIDS, cardiovascular, MS, etc.
Mozaffar Ghaffari; Ahmad Esmali; Asghar Fouladi; Roghieh Arjmandi
Abstract
Objective: Hypertension is a common and chronic condition that increases the risk of heart failure, stroke, kidney disease, and psychological issues. This study aimed to compare self-focused attention, emotional abuse, and psychological distress between individuals with hypertension and healthy controls.Method: ...
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Objective: Hypertension is a common and chronic condition that increases the risk of heart failure, stroke, kidney disease, and psychological issues. This study aimed to compare self-focused attention, emotional abuse, and psychological distress between individuals with hypertension and healthy controls.Method: This descriptive, causal-comparative study was conducted in Miandoab. The sample included two groups: individuals diagnosed with hypertension (selected via purposive sampling) and matched healthy individuals. Participants completed the Self-Focused Attention Questionnaire (Woody et al., 1997), the Emotional Abuse Questionnaire (Norouzi, 2012), and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (Kessler, 2002). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 and the Kruskal-Wallis test.Results: Results indicated significant differences in mean levels of self-focused attention, emotional abuse, and psychological distress between individuals with hypertension and healthy individuals (P ≤ 0.05). Mean scores for these variables were higher in hypertensive individuals.Conclusion: These findings suggest that addressing and reducing these characteristics is significant in managing and treating hypertension.
Chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, AIDS, cardiovascular, MS, etc.
Manijeh Mohebbi Rad; Amin Rafiepoor; Mojgan Sepahmansour; Sadegh Taghiloo
Abstract
Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate the potential role of food craving and emotional processing in explaining and predicting the relationship between impulsivity and food addiction.Method: This study was descriptive and correlational research. The statistical population included ...
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Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate the potential role of food craving and emotional processing in explaining and predicting the relationship between impulsivity and food addiction.Method: This study was descriptive and correlational research. The statistical population included all people with obesity who were referred to the health centers and nutrition clinics in Tehran in the spring and summer of 2023. In this research, 357 participants were selected through the convenience sampling method. Body mass index, the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (Fossati et al., 2001), the Yale food addiction scale (Gerhard et al., 2009), the food craving questionnaire - trait (Sepda Benito et al., 2000), and the Emotional processing scale (Baker et al., 2007) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling through Amos24 software.Results: The results showed that the model fits appropriately with the observed data. The coefficient of the direct path of impulsivity and food addiction was positive and significant. The indirect relationship between impulsivity and food addiction through food craving and emotional processing was also positive and significant. This finding indicates that both emotional processing and food craving mediate the relationship between impulsivity and food addiction positively and meaningfully.Conclusion: It seems that emotional processing problems and impulsivity play a significant role in the etiology and continuation of pathological eating, and focusing on the interaction of these factors can be beneficial in the prevention and treatment of eating problems in overweight and obese people.
Chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, AIDS, cardiovascular, MS, etc.
Mahnaz Moghanloo; Pegah Amiriaram
Abstract
Objective: Psychological hardiness, death anxiety, and coping strategies may differ between the two groups of patients with cardiovascular disease and breast cancer. Method: This study employs a descriptive, causal-comparative design. Subjects of this study included two groups of women with breast ...
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Objective: Psychological hardiness, death anxiety, and coping strategies may differ between the two groups of patients with cardiovascular disease and breast cancer. Method: This study employs a descriptive, causal-comparative design. Subjects of this study included two groups of women with breast cancer and cardiovascular disease: 60 patients (30 cardiovascular and 30 breast cancer). Ahvaz Psychological Hardiness Scale, Collet-Lester Fear of Death Scale, and Lazarus Coping Strategies Questionnaire were used to assess the study's three variables.Results: MANOVA results showed a significant difference in psychological hardiness and death anxiety between the two patient groups. Women with cardiovascular disease had higher hardness (F=4/84, P=0.3) and lower death anxiety (F=4/71, P=0.3) than women with breast cancer. Women with breast cancer used emotion-focused strategies more than those with cardiovascular disease, while women with cardiovascular disease used problem-focused coping strategies (F=4/42, P=0.4). Conclusion: The type of chronic disease can affect the role of positive psychological factors in chronic diseases. Women with breast cancer have more stress and anxiety about death. They use ineffective strategies to cope with the stress.
Chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, AIDS, cardiovascular, MS, etc.
Elahe Aslami; Masoumeh Izadi; Akram Malekzadeh
Abstract
Objective: Despite significant antiemetic advances, almost 50 % of treated cancer patients still experience nausea and vomiting. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of avoidant coping in the relationships between psychological well-being and chemotherapy-induced delayed nausea ...
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Objective: Despite significant antiemetic advances, almost 50 % of treated cancer patients still experience nausea and vomiting. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of avoidant coping in the relationships between psychological well-being and chemotherapy-induced delayed nausea in women with breast cancer in Shiraz.Method: The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of this study consists of women with breast cancer in Shiraz with an average age of 51 to 56 years. In this research, a non-random and voluntary sampling method was used; thus, 211 female patients with breast cancer treated by chemotherapy voluntarily completed the relevant questionnaires, which included psychological well-being questionnaire (Ryff, 1989), chemotherapy-induced delayed nausea questionnaire (Rhodes & McDaniel, 1999), and coping style questionnaire (Endler & Parker, 1990). The data were analyzed by AMOS software.Results: Research findings showed a negative and significant relationship between psychological well-being and avoidant coping style, and a positive and significant relationship between avoidant coping style and delayed nausea. The Sobel test confirmed the mediating role of avoidant coping style in the relationship between psychological well-being and delayed nausea. Therefore, it can be concluded that there was a relationship between psychological well-being and delayed nausea, with the mediation of avoidant coping style. Also, psychological well-being had an indirect effect on delayed nausea.Conclusion: Chemotherapy-induced delayed nausea can be reduced by improving coping skills and strategies and the psychological well-being of women with breast cancer.
Chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, AIDS, cardiovascular, MS, etc.
Vahid Sadeghi-Firoozabadi; Haniyeh Khosh; Mohsen Dehghani; Ali khatibi; AbdolReza Nasser Moghaddasi; Vahid abdolmanafi
Abstract
Objective: This research was conducted to study the role of sleep quality moderators in the relationship between depression and treatment compliance. Method: The research design was descriptive and correlational, and the research population included all patients with multiple sclerosis living in ...
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Objective: This research was conducted to study the role of sleep quality moderators in the relationship between depression and treatment compliance. Method: The research design was descriptive and correlational, and the research population included all patients with multiple sclerosis living in Tehran. 229 subjects with Multiple Sclerosis were selected in a convenient method, and they were asked to answer Morinsky's treatment compliance, Petersburg sleep quality, and Beck's depression questionnaires using the pencil and paper method.Results: Evidence of the predictive role of depressive symptoms for poor adherence to treatment in patients with multiple sclerosis was found. In addition, evidence of the predictive role of sleep quality in treatment adherence was found, but its mediating role in the relationship between depression and treatment adherence was not found.Conclusion: The findings indicated the importance of depression symptoms and sleep quality in the treatment compliance of multiple sclerosis patients. Considering the importance of treatment compliance in the prognosis of the disease, it is suggested that doctors consider this issue to formulate treatment plans to target cognitive and emotional problems parallel to the main treatment of the disease and thereby increase treatment compliance.
Chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, AIDS, cardiovascular, MS, etc.
Pariya Sohrabi; heman mahmoudfakhe
Abstract
Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common neurological diseases. The disease is clinically defined by the involvement of different parts of the central nervous system (CNS) at various times. Its peak incidence is between the ages of 20 and 40. The experience of pain plays an ...
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Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common neurological diseases. The disease is clinically defined by the involvement of different parts of the central nervous system (CNS) at various times. Its peak incidence is between the ages of 20 and 40. The experience of pain plays an important role in the mental health and quality of life of MS patients. Research also shows that if MS patients have high levels of self-compassion, they can more easily manage negative situations. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness training programs on the perception of pain experience and self-compassion in MS patients.Method: The current research is an experiment with available sampling methods. The sample includes 40 MS patients, 20 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group. Mindfulness training programs (Kabat—Zinn), the McGill Pain Experience Scale (MPQ), and the NF Self-Compassion Questionnaire (SCS-LF) were used to collect data. The data were analyzed through the statistical test of multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).Results: The results showed that the average difference between the groups regarding pain experience (F=49.270) and self-compassion (F=51.249) is significant. Therefore, it can be said that increasing self-compassion leads to higher efficiency in facing stressful situations.Conclusion: Enhancing cognitive processes, particularly self-compassion, through mindfulness training can significantly influence individuals’ perception of pain. It is recommended that families receive appropriate training to develop strategies aimed at strengthening mindfulness skills in individuals.
Chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, AIDS, cardiovascular, MS, etc.
Mahdiyeh Rashidgholami; azar kiamarsi
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) training on pain beliefs and dimensions of anger in women with rheumatoid arthritis.
Method: The research design was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test and a control group. The statistical ...
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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) training on pain beliefs and dimensions of anger in women with rheumatoid arthritis.
Method: The research design was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test and a control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of women with rheumatoid arthritis referred to medical centers in Tabriz City in 2022. The sample included 25 women with rheumatoid arthritis selected through convenience sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, who were then randomly assigned to two groups. The research instruments used were Williams and Thorne's Belief in Pain Questionnaire and Spielberger's State-Trait Anger Questionnaire, which were provided to both groups to collect the required data. The control group remained on the waiting list, while the experimental group underwent MBSR training over eight weekly sessions (90 minutes per week) following Jon Kabat-Zinn's approach. The research data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).
Results: The results indicated significant differences between the MBSR and control groups in pain beliefs and anger. Specifically, MBSR treatment led to a reduction in pain-related beliefs and anger in the experimental group (P<0.001). Eta-squared values showed that 76.3%, 71.8%, 74.4%, and 69.6% of the variance in pain beliefs and anger could be attributed to the effects of MBSR, respectively.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) training can be considered as a complementary and protective treatment technique for patients with chronic and painful conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis.
