Psychological aspects in health and diseases
Gita Alipour; Abbas Abolghasemi; Bahman Akbari
Abstract
Objective: Obesity is a complex, multifactorial, chronic, and progressive disease that has become a crucial public health problem worldwide. Therefore, it seems necessary to identify risk and protective factors to prevent obesity and treat obesity. This study aims to identify the risk and protective ...
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Objective: Obesity is a complex, multifactorial, chronic, and progressive disease that has become a crucial public health problem worldwide. Therefore, it seems necessary to identify risk and protective factors to prevent obesity and treat obesity. This study aims to identify the risk and protective factors of obesity in women.Method: The study was descriptive-correlational. The research sample consisted of 429 overweight and obese women, selected through voluntary sampling. To collect data, a physical activity questionnaire, core beliefs of eating questionnaire, self-criticism questionnaire, shame and guilt scale, self-esteem scale, body image concern questionnaire, stress-anxiety-depression questionnaire, and weight self-efficacy questionnaire were used. The obtained data were analyzed using stepwise regression using SPSS 24.Results: The findings showed that among obesity risk factors (core beliefs of eating, self-criticism, shame and guilt, concern about body image, stress-anxiety-depression), the core beliefs of eating, stress, and depression can predict obesity. Also, the research results showed that among obesity protective factors (weight self-efficacy, self-esteem, and physical activity), weight self-efficacy can predict obesity improvement more than other variables.Conclusion: Based on the results of the present research, we can say that the variables of core beliefs about eating, stress, and depression as risk factors and the variable of self-efficacy as a protective factor can predict body mass index.
Psychological aspects in health and diseases
Bahareh Zaddahesh; Vahideh Babakhani; Jaffar Pouyamanesh; Mojtaba AmiriMajd
Abstract
Objective: Extramarital relationships pose challenges to family life and can affect the mental health and well-being of family members. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of sexual sensation seeking on marital infidelity, sexual performance, and sexual satisfaction ...
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Objective: Extramarital relationships pose challenges to family life and can affect the mental health and well-being of family members. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of sexual sensation seeking on marital infidelity, sexual performance, and sexual satisfaction in individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Methods: The present research was conducted based on a correlation and structural equation design. Among all married individuals referring to counseling and psychological service centers in Qazvin in 2022, 216 were selected through purposive sampling and participated as subjects. Data were collected using the self-report scale of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, the Infidelity Scale, the Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire, the Sexual Function Questionnaire, and the Kalichman and Rompa Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, Smart PLS version 3.3, and structural equation modeling.Results: The results showed that the relationship between sexual performance and the mediating variable of sexual excitement (β=0.25, t=4.20), sexual satisfaction and the mediating variable of sexual excitement (β= 0.18, t=3.87), the relationship between sexual performance and extramarital relationships (β=0.12, t=3.17), the relationship between sexual satisfaction and extramarital relationships (β=0.20, t=3.53), and the relationship between sexual excitement and extramarital relationships (β=0.25, t=5.28) were significant.Conclusion: The results of the study showed that sexual satisfaction, sexual function, and sexual sensation seeking can predict attitudes toward marital infidelity. Therefore, it is necessary to provide this information to couples in premarital counseling so that they can discuss sexual problems with a marriage counselor and a sex therapist in couples and receive specialized counseling for treatment if needed, to prevent the tendency toward marital infidelity.
Psychological aspects in health and diseases
Roghayeh Vatanbaf; Faezeh Moslemi; Saba Azizrousta; Faranak Saeidi Moghadam; Vahid Savabi Niri
Abstract
Objective: Insomnia, marked by difficulty falling or staying asleep, affects many students and contributes to increased worry, cognitive distortions, and depression, exacerbating their overall well-being and academic performance. This study evaluates the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction ...
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Objective: Insomnia, marked by difficulty falling or staying asleep, affects many students and contributes to increased worry, cognitive distortions, and depression, exacerbating their overall well-being and academic performance. This study evaluates the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) in reducing worry, cognitive distortions, and depression in students with insomnia symptoms.Method: The research utilized a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group. The statistical population consisted of university students in Ardabil Province during the 2023-2024 academic year. A total of 34 students were purposefully selected based on predefined criteria (e.g., insomnia symptoms) and then randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 17) or the control group (n = 17). The research instruments included the Insomnia Severity Index (2001), the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (1990), the Cognitive Distortions Questionnaire (2004), and the Beck Depression Inventory (1996). The intervention group participated in eight weekly sessions of 90-minute MBSR, while the control group received no intervention. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance with SPSS-27.Results: The results indicated that MBSR significantly reduced worry (F = 46.86), rejection in interpersonal relationships (F = 30.07), unrealistic expectations in relationships (F = 41.54), misperception in interpersonal relationships (F = 30.38), and depression (F = 41.20) among students with insomnia symptoms (P < 0.001).Conclusion: The results highlight the potential of MBSR as a valuable non-pharmacological intervention for managing insomnia and associated psychological challenges in academic settings. Given its effectiveness, further research could explore long-term benefits and applicability across diverse student populations and settings.
Psychological aspects in health and diseases
Fatemeh Nemati Sogolitappeh; Mostafa Zarean; Sara Azadi
Abstract
Objective: This study compared health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and stress appraisal among overweight, obese, and post-bariatric surgery women.
Method: We used a descriptive, causal-comparative design with 90 women. Each group—overweight, obese, and post-bariatric surgery—contained ...
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Objective: This study compared health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and stress appraisal among overweight, obese, and post-bariatric surgery women.
Method: We used a descriptive, causal-comparative design with 90 women. Each group—overweight, obese, and post-bariatric surgery—contained 30 participants. Participants were purposively sampled from Imam Reza Hospital. The Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) assessed physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) HRQoL. The Stress Appraisal Measure (SAM) evaluated perceived stress. We analyzed data using MANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc tests in SPSS 26.
Results: MANOVA showed significant group differences (F = 8.65, p < 0.001, η² = 0.23). Tukey’s post hoc tests found that overweight women had higher PCS and MCS scores and lower stress appraisal than both obese and post-bariatric groups. The post-bariatric group had higher PCS and MCS than the obese group. Stress appraisal did not differ significantly between these two groups.
Conclusion: Bariatric surgery improves HRQoL compared with obesity, but not to levels seen in the overweight. High stress remains after surgery. These findings highlight the need for psychological support and early interventions to maintain HRQoL and manage stress.
Psychological aspects in health and diseases
Mahfar Sekhavatmanesh; Mehrdad Hajihasani; Mohammad Rabiei
Abstract
Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on various aspects of life; however, understanding its specific effects on university faculty members has remained limited. The present study aims to explore the psychological, professional, and social consequences of the pandemic on the faculty ...
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Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on various aspects of life; however, understanding its specific effects on university faculty members has remained limited. The present study aims to explore the psychological, professional, and social consequences of the pandemic on the faculty of Shahrekord University.
Method: A phenomenological approach was adopted, involving semi-structured interviews with 12 purposefully selected faculty members from Shahrekord University. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using Marshall and Rossman’s reductionist and interpretive methods.
Results: Data analysis revealed two main categories of challenges faced by faculty members: professional and psychological. Professionally, they experienced disruptions in their research, difficulties with online teaching, burnout, and limited opportunities for academic growth and development. Psychologically, they reported heightened anxiety, fear of illness, and feelings of isolation. To cope, participants employed various strategies, including social interaction, religious practices, diverse teaching methods, limited in-person contact, physical exercise, and cognitive techniques.
Conclusions: The findings underscore the importance of providing culturally sensitive mental health support, faculty training in coping strategies, and institutional flexibility to enhance resilience and maintain educational quality during crises.
Psychological aspects in health and diseases
Mahdieh Rahmanian; Rozalin Shah moradian
Abstract
Objective: Family dynamics play a significant role in establishing emotional relationships among its members and fostering psychological well-being, which extends to individual and collective members' peace of mind. This study aimed to investigate the impact of parenting styles and sexual education styles ...
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Objective: Family dynamics play a significant role in establishing emotional relationships among its members and fostering psychological well-being, which extends to individual and collective members' peace of mind. This study aimed to investigate the impact of parenting styles and sexual education styles of parents, with anxiety as a mediating variable, on the sexual performance of married women.Method: The study population consisted of married women who presented with sexual dysfunction at psychiatric and women's clinics in Tehran. Since the minimum number of samples in structural equation modeling is 200 individuals, 200 individuals were selected through convenience sampling. The research instruments included Baumrind's Parenting Styles Scale (1972), Parental Sexual Education Styles Scale (2010), Beck Anxiety Scale (1990), and Rosen et al.'s Sexual Performance Scale (2000). Structural equation modeling was employed to analyze the data.Results: The findings of the present study showed that anxiety does not have a mediating effect on the effect of parents' strict sexual education style on the sexual performance of married women, but it has a complete mediating effect on the sexual performance of married women in the authoritative sexual education style of parents. Also, anxiety has a partial mediating effect on the impact of parents' authoritarian parenting style on married women's sexual performance, and it does not have a mediating effect on the parents' authoritarian parenting style on married women's sexual performance (p > 0.05).Conclusion: The study concludes that the sexual performance of married women is significantly influenced by the styles of parenting and sexual education they received, with anxiety playing varied mediating roles. An authoritative approach to sexual education, coupled with parenting styles that manage to reduce anxiety, tends to enhance sexual performance in women.
Psychological aspects in health and diseases
behnaz navid; Ahmad Alipour; Eisa jafari; ashraf moini
Abstract
Objective: This study was conducted to examine the structural model describing the connection between sexual function and psychosocial factors with life satisfaction based on the mediator role of cognitive emotion regulation in women with endometriosis.Method: This present study was a descriptive ...
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Objective: This study was conducted to examine the structural model describing the connection between sexual function and psychosocial factors with life satisfaction based on the mediator role of cognitive emotion regulation in women with endometriosis.Method: This present study was a descriptive correlational research based on structural equations. The statistical population of the study included all women with endometriosis, referring to Arash Hospital as a referral Women's Center and Gynecological office in Tehran, Iran, in 2023-2024. According to Morgan's formula, a sample of 357 participants was chosen through convenience sampling. The tools employed in this study for data collection were the Women’s Sexual Function Index (Isidori et al., 2010), Short Form Symptom Checklist-25-Revised (Derogatis et al., 1973), Social Health Questionnaire (Keyes, 2004), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski & Kraaij, 2006), and Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diner, 1985). Data analysis was done using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and path analysis, and AMOS22 software was utilized to assess the proposed model, and the mediating relationships within it were also calculated using the bootstrap method.Results: The findings from structural equation modeling supported the model's goodness of fit and indicated that psychological factors negatively affect life satisfaction through the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in women with endometriosis (β= -0.114, p<0.001). In addition, the relationship between biological and social factors and life satisfaction through the mediating variable was not found to be significant. Nevertheless, the overall effect of psychological, social, and biological factors (including the sum of direct and indirect pathways) in connection with life satisfaction was significant (p<0.001).Conclusion: According to the findings, the model has a good fit, and cognitive emotion regulation has a mediating role in the relationship between sexual function and psychosocial factors with life satisfaction. This study offers a valuable framework for recognizing key factors influencing life satisfaction in women with endometriosis, which should be taken into account in psychological treatment programs.
Psychological aspects in health and diseases
mahnaz moghanloo
Abstract
Objective: Some factors, such as personality type, coping styles, and psychological capital, have an effect on the resilience of women with breast cancer. The purpose of the study is to investigate the structural relationship of these factors with each other.
Method: The subjects of this study were ...
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Objective: Some factors, such as personality type, coping styles, and psychological capital, have an effect on the resilience of women with breast cancer. The purpose of the study is to investigate the structural relationship of these factors with each other.
Method: The subjects of this study were 231 women (20-55 years old) diagnosed with breast cancer and treated at the breast cancer department of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran in 2022-2023. The Tebachnik and Fidel's formula (2007) was used to estimate the sample size. Psychological resilience (Connor & Davidson, 2003), NEO-PI personality questionnaire (Costa & McCrae, 1992), and coping strategies questionnaire (Endler & Parker, 1990) were used to measure the research variables.
Results Therefore, five personality factors can lead to an increase in resilience through coping strategies and psychological capital. In addition, the path coefficients of the two-way relationship of the variables showed that 44% of the changes in resilience were influenced by personality, 97% of the changes in coping strategies were influenced by personality, 91% of the changes in psychological capital were influenced by personality and 20% of the changes in resilience were influenced by personality. The effect of coping strategies and 36% of the changes in resilience showed the effect of psychological capital.
Conclusion: One of the determining factors of resilience in a chronic disease such as breast cancer is the role of personality traits, which is influenced by positive psychological variables such as coping strategies and psychological capital of the patient
Psychological aspects in health and diseases
Reza Shahi; rana peighami; saba mohammadi delband; atefe hojjati
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to provide a structural equation modeling for the effect of personality traits on bulimia nervosa with the mediating role of emotional intelligence in nurses.Methods: This research was a descriptive-correlational study that employed structural equation modeling ...
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Objective: The purpose of this study was to provide a structural equation modeling for the effect of personality traits on bulimia nervosa with the mediating role of emotional intelligence in nurses.Methods: This research was a descriptive-correlational study that employed structural equation modeling with partial least squares. The research population consisted of all nurses of medical sciences hospitals in Tabriz in 2022. The research sample was 335 people who were selected using stratified sampling. The research tools employed for this purpose were the shorter form of NEO-FFI (NEO Five-Factor Inventory; 1985), the Binge Eating Scale (BES; Gormally et al., 1982), and Schering's Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (1996). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and Smart PLS 3 plus SPSS 26 were used for data analysis. Results: The results showed that in the proposed model, the five main personality traits, except the extroversion variable, have a significant direct and indirect effect on bulimia nervosa, and another implication of this research is the significant direct effect of emotional intelligence on bulimia nervosa. Another finding was the significant direct effect of the main personality traits on emotional intelligence.Conclusion: The results suggest that interventions for bulimia nervosa should embed education on personality traits and emotional intelligence because, according to the findings, the lower the personality traits, such as neuroticism and higher emotional intelligence, the lower the probability of bulimia nervosa.
Psychological aspects in health and diseases
Ezzatollah Ahmadi; Mohadese Bayat; Rahim yosefi
Abstract
Introduction: Whenever there is an outbreak of infectious diseases, psychosocial impact has been observed on individual and social levels globally. The psychological and social effects of the COVID-19 epidemic are potential and widespread, which affect people's mental health in the long term. The present ...
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Introduction: Whenever there is an outbreak of infectious diseases, psychosocial impact has been observed on individual and social levels globally. The psychological and social effects of the COVID-19 epidemic are potential and widespread, which affect people's mental health in the long term. The present study aimed to investigate the role of neuroticism in predicting psychological distress through perceived stress and loneliness in covid-19.Method: This research was carried out in the form of correlation and structural equations. The statistical population of the research was all the students of Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, 300 of whom were selected through convenience sampling, and the neuroticism scale was from the short form of the Neo questionnaire, the Cohen et al.'s perceived stress questionnaire, the Kessler psychological distress questionnaire, and the loneliness scale. Social Emotional Assessment for Adults (SELSA-S) was administered to them. Then the obtained data were analyzed using Spss26 and Amos22 software.Results: The results showed that neuroticism is related to psychological distress through loneliness and perceived stress. Also, there is a positive and significant relationship between the components of loneliness, perceived stress, and neuroticism with stress, anxiety, and depression.Conclusion: Therefore, considering the increasing spread of psychological distress, it is necessary to reduce people's psychological distress by teaching self-care skills and stress management.
