Psychological and social aspects of disease prevention
Mahdi Rahmani; mohsen jalali; elnaz pourahmadi; Abdolsamad Nikan
Abstract
Objective: Patients with Ménière's often experience multiple psychological problems and are not satisfied with the results of medication therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) on anxiety, lifestyle, and experiential avoidance in patients ...
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Objective: Patients with Ménière's often experience multiple psychological problems and are not satisfied with the results of medication therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) on anxiety, lifestyle, and experiential avoidance in patients with Ménière's disease. Method: The study employed a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test, post-test, and one-month follow-up approach. The statistical population comprised all patients diagnosed with Ménière's disease who sought treatment at the specialized ear clinic affiliated with Mashhad Medical Sciences Hospital between January and March 2023. From this population, 30 patients meeting the inclusion criteria were selected using an oriented sampling method. Participants were randomly assigned to a CBT intervention group (n = 15) and a control group (n = 15). Data collected at three time points—pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 30 days after the intervention—using the Smith Lifestyle Questionnaire, Bond Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire, and the Anxiety subscale of the DASS-21. The data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance.Results: The results indicated a significant reduction in anxiety levels in the CBT group compared to the control group in both the post-test and follow-up assessments (P < 0.05). Additionally, a significant improvement was observed in lifestyle scores in the CBT group relative to the control group (P < 0.05). The difference in experiential avoidance between the two groups was also statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The findings suggest that cognitive-behavioral therapy is effective in reducing anxiety and experiential avoidance while improving lifestyle in patients with Ménière's disease. These results underscore the potential of CBT as an adjunctive treatment in managing the psychological and lifestyle-related challenges associated with Ménière's disease.
Fatemeh Bayanfar
Abstract
Objective: Hemodialysis patients suffer many problems including feelings of loneliness, fatigue, and low lifestyle quality. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of online existential consciousness therapy on these patients’ loneliness, fatigue, and lifestyle.
Methods: The research ...
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Objective: Hemodialysis patients suffer many problems including feelings of loneliness, fatigue, and low lifestyle quality. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of online existential consciousness therapy on these patients’ loneliness, fatigue, and lifestyle.
Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest and follow-up design with a control group. The research population was all hemodialysis patients who were referred to the dialysis center of Nikan Hospital in Tehran. Using the convenience sampling method, 30 participants were selected as study samples. Research instruments for collecting data were the Rasel’s Loneliness Questionnaire (1978), the Fick's Fatigue Impact Questionnaire (1944), and the Corona Virus Lifestyle Scale (Ali Akbari Dehkordi, et al., 2020). For the experimental group, ten 90-minutes sessions were performed through Sky-room.
Results: MANCOVA and ANCOVA showed that existential consciousness training reduced the feeling of loneliness in the sub-components of not having a close friend, lack of loneliness, and isolation, but was not effective in the sub-component of sociability. This intervention also reduced the fatigue in the cognitive and social components but did not affect the physical component. It was also effective on the happy lifestyle but did not affect the healthy lifestyle.
Conclusions: Existential consciousness therapy was effective in reducing the loneliness feeling, fatigue impact, and lifestyle changes of hemodialysis patients during home quarantine. Therefore, this method can be used as a new therapeutic approach to reduce the loneliness and fatigue impact caused by hemodialysis and change patients' lifestyles during quarantine in medical centers and psychological services.
Abdollah Mo'tamedi; Yalda Tangestani
Volume 1, Issue 2 , December 2018, , Pages 45-54
Abstract
Background: The aim of the present study was to predict cognitive failures in the elderly based on personality dimensions and lifestyle and examine the mediating role of negative emotions as a model. Materials and Methods: This research is of correlation type and its statistical population included all ...
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Background: The aim of the present study was to predict cognitive failures in the elderly based on personality dimensions and lifestyle and examine the mediating role of negative emotions as a model. Materials and Methods: This research is of correlation type and its statistical population included all the elderly in Tehran. In the present study, 150 elderly persons participated by convenience sampling method. Research instruments were cognitive failures, Eysenck Personality Inventory, lifestyle scale and Negative emotions. In order to analyze the data, the path analysis and stepwise regression analysis were used. Results: The results showed that personality dimensions and lifestyle can significantly and negatively predict emotions and cognitive failures and finally with respect to the proposed model, it was found that lifestyle and personality dimensions could significantly predict cognitive failures through the mediation negative emotions. Conclusions: The result obtained from this study can be used to identify the groups vulnerable to cognitive failures and make necessary recommendations to the experts to understand the causes andetiology, consultation and prevention of cognitive failures.
